metadata {
authority_id: var id: lessing language: iso-639-2:mon source_script: Mong destination_script: Latn name: Lessing transliteration system for Uyghur-Mongolian script url: https://collab.its.virginia.edu/wiki/tibetan-script/Transliteration%20Schemes%20for%20Mongolian%20Vertical%20Script.html creation_date: description: | The only system for the Mongolian vertical script which is used commonly throughout Mongolian studies worldwide is the Vladimirtsov-Mostaert system (V-M). The only dictionary using this system is in an appendix to Antoine Mostaert’s Dictionnaire ordos. Thus the Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies specifies, “please use the written Mongolian appendix to Antoine Mostaert’s Dictionnaire ordos. However, the V-M system has many difficult diacriticals and non-Latin characters that constitute a significant problem for editors and thus is difficult to recommend. notes: - A separated final form of vowels a or e is common, and can appear at the end of a word, word stem, or suffix. This form requires a final-shaped preceding consonant and an inter-word gap in between. The vowels themselves appear as ᠠ, and with consonants as ᠬᠠ q‑a, ᠷᠠ r‑a/r‑e, etc. This gap can be transliterated with a hyphen. In digital typesetting, these forms are triggered by inserting a U+180E MONGOLIAN VOWEL SEPARATOR (HTML ᠎ · MVS) between the consonant and vowel. - All case suffixes, as well as any plural suffixes consisting of one or two syllables are likewise separated by a preceding and hyphen-transliterated gap. In digital typesetting, this gap is represented by a U+202F NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE (HTML   · NNBSP). A maximum of two case suffixes can be added to a stem. Single-letter vowel suffixes appear with the final-shaped forms of a/e, i, or u/ü, as in ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠ γaǰar‑a 'to the country' and ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠡ edür‑e 'on the day', or ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ulus‑i 'the state' etc. Multi-letter suffixes most often start with an initial- (consonants), medial- (vowels), or variant-shaped form.
}
tests {
test "ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "køkexota" # Хөх хот test "ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠰ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ordos xota" # Ордос хот test "ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "bajannaγur xota" # Баяннуур хот test "ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ulaγanxota" # Улаан хот test "ᠬᠣᠣᠯᠢᠠ ᠭᠣᠤᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "xoolia γoul xota" # Хоолингол хот test "ᠡᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "erijen xota" # Эрээн хот test "ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "rasijan xota" # Рашаан хот test "ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "baγarin baraγun xosiγu" # Баарин баруун хошуу test "ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "baγarin zegyn xosiγu" # Баарин зүүн хошуу test "ᠲᠦᠩᠯᠢᠶᠣᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "tynglijou xota" # Байшинт хот test "ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "sili-jin xota" # Шилийн хот test "ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "xorin ger sijan" # Horinger County test "ᠤᠳᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "uda toγoriγ" # Уда тойрог test "ᠦᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "yxai xota" # Үхай хот test "ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "xainan toγoriγ" # Hainan District test "ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠤᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠣᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "xairub-un toxoi toγoriγ" # Haibowan District test "ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ulaγancab xota" # Улаанцав хот test "ᠵᠢᠨᠢᠩ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "zining toγoriγ" # Жинин тойрог test "ᠹᠸᠩᠵᠸᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "fvngzve xota" # Фенжень хот test "ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "šangdu sijan" # Шанду шянь test "ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠩᠴᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "lijangcang sijan" # Liangcheng County test "ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "caxar baraγun γarun emynedy xosiγu" # Цахар баруун гарын өмнөд хошуу test "ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "caxar baraγun γarun dumdadu xosiγu" # Цахар баруун гарын дундад хошуу test "ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "caxar baraγun γarun xoitu xosiγu" # Цахар баруун гарын хойд хошуу test "ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "dørbed xosiγu" # Дөрвөд хошуу test "ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "buγutu xota" # Бугaт хот test "ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "køndelen toγoriγ" # Hondlon District test "ᠴᠢᠩᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "cingšan toγoriγ" # Qingshan District test "ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "siγuitu toγoriγ" # Шигуай тойрог test "ᠵᠢᠦ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "ziy juvan toγoriγ" # Jiuyuan District test "ᠭᠦᠶᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "gyjang sijan" # Guyang County test "ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "tymed zegyn xosiγu" # Түмэд Зүүн хошуу test "ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "tymed baraγun xosiγu" # Түмэд Баруун хошуу test "ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠤᠮᠢᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "darxan muumingγ᠋an xolboγatu xosiγu" # Darhan Muminggan United Banner test "ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭᠲᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "kesiγten xosiγu" # Hexigten Banner test "ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "sin-e barγu zegyn xosiγu" # New Barag Left Banner test "ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "sin-e barγu baraγun xosiγu" # New Barag Right Banner test "ᠣᠲᠣᠭ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "otoγ xosiγu" # Otog Banner test "ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "dalad xosiγu" # Dalad Banner test "ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "zegynγar xosiγu" # Jungar Banner test "ᠣᠲᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "otoγ-un emynedy xosiγu" # Otog Front Banner test "ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "xanggin xosiγu" # Hanggin Banner test "ᠦᠦᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "yysin xosiγu" # Uxin Banner test "ᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ezin xoroγ-a xosiγu" # Эзэн Хороо хошуу test "ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠢ᠌ᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "zalan ai᠌l xota" # Жалан-Айл хот test "ᠶᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "jaγsi xota" # Ягши хот test "ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "manzuur xota" # Манжуур хот test "ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "xailar toγoriγ" # Хайлаар тойрог test "ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "xorcin toγoriγ" # Horqin District test "ᠺᠠᠶᠢᠯᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "kaily sijan" # Kailu County test "ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "kyrij-e xosiγu" # Hure Banner test "ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "naiman xosiγu" # Naiman Banner test "ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "zarud xosiγu" # Jarud Banner test "ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "xorcin baraγun γarun dumdadu xosiγu" # Хорчин Баруун Гарын Дундад Хошуу test "ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "xorcin zegyn γarun dumdadu xosiγu" # Horqin Left Middle Banner test "ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "xorcin zegyn γarun xoitu xosiγu" # Horqin Left Rear Banner test "ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ulaγanxada xota" # Улаанхад хот test "ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢ", "sereci" # Salaqi test "ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠣᠤᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "gegen γoul xota" # Гэгээнгол хот test "ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "alaša zegyn xosiγu" # Alxa Left Banner test "ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "alaša baraγun xosiγu" # Alxa Right Banner # Alaša Baraγun xosiγu test "ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ezen-e xosiγu" # Ejin Banner test "ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "købegety sir-a xosiγu" # Хөвөөт Шар хошуу test "ᠦᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "yjuvan sijan" # Үюань шянь test "ᠦᠴᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "ycuvan sijan" # Wuchuan County test "ᠲᠦᠴᠢᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "tyciuvan sijan" # Тучуань шянь test "ᠯᠢᠨᠰᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "linsi sijan" # Linxi County test "ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "xaracin xosiγu" # Harqin Banner test "ᠠᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "auxan xosiγu" # Aohan Banner test "ᠬᠣᠳᠣᠩ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "xodong arad-un toγoriγ" # Huimin District test "ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "saixan toγoriγ" # Saihan District test "ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "sin-e xota toγoriγ" # Xincheng District test "ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠤᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠣᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "xairub-un toxoi toγoriγ" # Haibowan (Hairibin Tohoi) District test "ᠰᠦᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "syng šan toγoriγ" # Songshan District test "ᠬᠦᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "kyng šan toγoriγ" # Hongshan District test "ᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "arun xosiγu" # Арун хошуу test "ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠣ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "juvan boo šan toγoriγ" # Юаньбаошань тойрог test "ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "siluγun købegety caγan xosiγu" # Шулуун Хөвөөт Цагаан хошуу test "ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "siluγun køke xosiγu" # Шулуун хөх хошуу test "ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "urad-un dumdadu xosiγu" # Урадын Дундад Хошуу test "ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "urad-un emynedy xosiγu" # Урадын Өмнөд Хошуу test "ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "toγtaxu sijan" # Тогтох шянь test "ᠰᠥᠨᠡᠳ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "søned zegyn xosiγu" # Sonid Left Banner test "ᠰᠥᠨᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "søned baraγun xosiγu" # Sonid Right Banner test "ᠣᠩᠨᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ongniγud xosiγu" # Ongniud Banner test "ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠢᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "zalaid xosiγu" # Jalaid Banner test "ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "xanggin xoitu xosiγu" # Hanggin Rear Banner test "ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠵᠤᠮᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "zegyn uzumucin xosiγu" # East Ujimqin Banner test "ᠠᠷᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "aru xorcin xosiγu" # Ar Horqin Banner test "ᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "abaγ-a xosiγu" # Abag Banner test "ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ", "burijad" # Буриад test "ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ", "ulaγanbaγatur" # Улаанбаатар test "ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ", "cinggis xaγan" # Чингис Хаан
}
stage {
# RULES sub "\u182c", "k", after: any("\u1821\u1822\u1825\u1826") sub "\u182d", "g", after: any("\u1821\u1822\u1825\u1826") sub "\u1820\u1836\u1822", "ai" sub "\u1821\u1836\u1822", "ei" sub "\u1823\u1836\u1822", "oi" sub "\u1824\u1836\u1822", "ui" # CHARACTERS parallel { sub "ᠠ", "a" # \u1820 sub "ᠡ", "e" # \u1821 sub "ᠢ", "i" # \u1822 sub "ᠣ", "o" # \u1823 sub "ᠤ", "u" # \u1824 sub "ᠥ", "ø" # \u1825 sub "ᠦ", "y" # \u1826 sub "ᠨ", "n" # \u1828 sub "ᠩ", "ng" # \u1829 sub "ᠬ", "x" # \u182c sub "ᠭ", "γ" # \u182d sub "ᠪ", "b" # \u182a sub "ᠫ", "p" # \u182b sub "ᠹ", "f" # \u1839 sub "ᠰ", "s" # \u1830 sub "ᠱ", "š" # \u1831 sub "ᠲ", "t" # \u1832 sub "ᠳ", "d" # \u1833 sub "ᠯ", "l" # \u182f sub "ᠮ", "m" # \u182e sub "ᠴ", "c" # \u1834 sub "ᠵ", "z" # \u1835 sub "ᠶ", "j" # \u1836 sub "ᠺ", "k" # \u183a sub "ᠷ", "r" # \u1837 sub "ᠸ", "v" # \u1838 sub "ᠾ", "h" # \u183e sub "᠁", '...' # \u1801 sub "᠂", "," # \u1802 sub "᠃", '.' # \u1803 sub "᠄", ":" # \u1804 sub "", "-" # MVS sub " ", "-" # NNBSP }
}