metadata {
authority_id: var id: vpmc language: iso-639-2:mon source_script: Mong destination_script: Latn name: VPMC transliteration system for Uyghur-Mongolian script url: https://collab.its.virginia.edu/wiki/tibetan-script/Transliteration%20Schemes%20for%20Mongolian%20Vertical%20Script.html creation_date: description: | The only system for the Mongolian vertical script which is used commonly throughout Mongolian studies worldwide is the Vladimirtsov-Mostaert system (V-M). The only dictionary using this system is in an appendix to Antoine Mostaert’s Dictionnaire ordos. Thus the Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies specifies, “please use the written Mongolian appendix to Antoine Mostaert’s Dictionnaire ordos. However, the V-M system has many difficult diacriticals and non-Latin characters that constitute a significant problem for editors and thus is difficult to recommend. notes: - A separated final form of vowels a or e is common, and can appear at the end of a word, word stem, or suffix. This form requires a final-shaped preceding consonant and an inter-word gap in between. The vowels themselves appear as ᠠ, and with consonants as ᠬᠠ q‑a, ᠷᠠ r‑a/r‑e, etc. This gap can be transliterated with a hyphen. In digital typesetting, these forms are triggered by inserting a U+180E MONGOLIAN VOWEL SEPARATOR (HTML ᠎ · MVS) between the consonant and vowel. - All case suffixes, as well as any plural suffixes consisting of one or two syllables are likewise separated by a preceding and hyphen-transliterated gap. In digital typesetting, this gap is represented by a U+202F NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE (HTML   · NNBSP). A maximum of two case suffixes can be added to a stem. Single-letter vowel suffixes appear with the final-shaped forms of a/e, i, or u/ü, as in ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠ γaǰar‑a 'to the country' and ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠡ edür‑e 'on the day', or ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ulus‑i 'the state' etc. Multi-letter suffixes most often start with an initial- (consonants), medial- (vowels), or variant-shaped form.
}
tests {
test "ᠬᠠ", "q-a" test "ᠷᠠ", "r-a" test "ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠ", "γaǰar-a" test "ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠡ", "edür-e" test "ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ", "ulus-i" test "ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "kökeqota" # Хөх хот test "ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠰ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ordos qota" # Ордос хот test "ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "bayannaγur qota" # Баяннуур хот test "ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ulaγanqota" # Улаан хот test "ᠬᠣᠣᠯᠢᠠ ᠭᠣᠤᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "qoolia γoul qota" # Хоолингол хот test "ᠡᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "eriyen qota" # Эрээн хот test "ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "rasiyan qota" # Рашаан хот test "ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "baγarin baraγun qosiγu" # Баарин баруун хошуу test "ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "baγarin ǰegün qosiγu" # Баарин зүүн хошуу test "ᠲᠦᠩᠯᠢᠶᠣᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "tüngliyou qota" # Байшинт хот test "ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "sili-yin qota" # Шилийн хот test "ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "qorin ger siyan" # Horinger County test "ᠤᠳᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "uda toγoriγ" # Уда тойрог test "ᠦᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "üqai qota" # Үхай хот test "ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "qayinan toγoriγ" # Hainan District test "ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠤᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠣᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "qayirub-un toqoi toγoriγ" # Haibowan District test "ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ulaγančab qota" # Улаанцав хот test "ᠵᠢᠨᠢᠩ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "ǰining toγoriγ" # Жинин тойрог test "ᠹᠸᠩᠵᠸᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "fvngǰve qota" # Фенжень хот test "ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "šangdu siyan" # Шанду шянь test "ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠩᠴᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "liyangčang siyan" # Liangcheng County test "ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "čaqar baraγun γarun emünedü qosiγu" # Цахар баруун гарын өмнөд хошуу test "ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "čaqar baraγun γarun dumdadu qosiγu" # Цахар баруун гарын дундад хошуу test "ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "čaqar baraγun γarun qoyitu qosiγu" # Цахар баруун гарын хойд хошуу test "ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "dörbed qosiγu" # Дөрвөд хошуу test "ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "buγutu qota" # Бугaт хот test "ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "köndelen toγoriγ" # Hondlon District test "ᠴᠢᠩᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "čingšan toγoriγ" # Qingshan District test "ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "siγuyitu toγoriγ" # Шигуай тойрог test "ᠵᠢᠦ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "ǰiü yuvan toγoriγ" # Jiuyuan District test "ᠭᠦᠶᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "güyang siyan" # Guyang County test "ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "tümed ǰegün qosiγu" # Түмэд Зүүн хошуу test "ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "tümed baraγun qosiγu" # Түмэд Баруун хошуу test "ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠤᠮᠢᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "darqan muumingγ᠋an qolboγatu qosiγu" # Darhan Muminggan United Banner test "ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭᠲᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "kesiγten qosiγu" # Hexigten Banner test "ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "sin-e barγu ǰegün qosiγu" # New Barag Left Banner test "ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "sin-e barγu baraγun qosiγu" # New Barag Right Banner test "ᠣᠲᠣᠭ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "otoγ qosiγu" # Otog Banner test "ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "dalad qosiγu" # Dalad Banner test "ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ǰegünγar qosiγu" # Jungar Banner test "ᠣᠲᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "otoγ-un emünedü qosiγu" # Otog Front Banner test "ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "qanggin qosiγu" # Hanggin Banner test "ᠦᠦᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "üüsin qosiγu" # Uxin Banner test "ᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "eǰin qoroγ-a qosiγu" # Эзэн Хороо хошуу test "ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠢ᠌ᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ǰalan ai᠌l qota" # Жалан-Айл хот test "ᠶᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "yaγsi qota" # Ягши хот test "ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "manǰuur qota" # Манжуур хот test "ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "qayilar toγoriγ" # Хайлаар тойрог test "ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "qorčin toγoriγ" # Horqin District test "ᠺᠠᠶᠢᠯᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "kayilü siyan" # Kailu County test "ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "küriy-e qosiγu" # Hure Banner test "ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "naiman qosiγu" # Naiman Banner test "ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ǰarud qosiγu" # Jarud Banner test "ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "qorčin baraγun γarun dumdadu qosiγu" # Хорчин Баруун Гарын Дундад Хошуу test "ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "qorčin ǰegün γarun dumdadu qosiγu" # Horqin Left Middle Banner test "ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "qorčin ǰegün γarun qoyitu qosiγu" # Horqin Left Rear Banner test "ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ulaγanqada qota" # Улаанхад хот test "ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢ", "sereči" # Salaqi test "ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠣᠤᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "gegen γoul qota" # Гэгээнгол хот test "ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "alaša ǰegün qosiγu" # Alxa Left Banner test "ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "alaša baraγun qosiγu" # Alxa Right Banner # Alaša Baraγun qosiγu test "ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "eǰen-e qosiγu" # Ejin Banner test "ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "köbegetü sir-a qosiγu" # Хөвөөт Шар хошуу test "ᠦᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "üyuvan siyan" # Үюань шянь test "ᠦᠴᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "üčuvan siyan" # Wuchuan County test "ᠲᠦᠴᠢᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "tüčiuvan siyan" # Тучуань шянь test "ᠯᠢᠨᠰᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "linsi siyan" # Linxi County test "ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "qaračin qosiγu" # Harqin Banner test "ᠠᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "auqan qosiγu" # Aohan Banner test "ᠬᠣᠳᠣᠩ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "qodong arad-un toγoriγ" # Huimin District test "ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "sayiqan toγoriγ" # Saihan District test "ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "sin-e qota toγoriγ" # Xincheng District test "ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠤᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠣᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "qayirub-un toqoi toγoriγ" # Haibowan (Hairibin Tohoi) District test "ᠰᠦᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "süng šan toγoriγ" # Songshan District test "ᠬᠦᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "küng šan toγoriγ" # Hongshan District test "ᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "arun qosiγu" # Арун хошуу test "ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠣ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "yuvan boo šan toγoriγ" # Юаньбаошань тойрог test "ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "siluγun köbegetü čaγan qosiγu" # Шулуун Хөвөөт Цагаан хошуу test "ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "siluγun köke qosiγu" # Шулуун хөх хошуу test "ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "urad-un dumdadu qosiγu" # Урадын Дундад Хошуу test "ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "urad-un emünedü qosiγu" # Урадын Өмнөд Хошуу test "ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "toγtaqu siyan" # Тогтох шянь test "ᠰᠥᠨᠡᠳ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "söned ǰegün qosiγu" # Sonid Left Banner test "ᠰᠥᠨᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "söned baraγun qosiγu" # Sonid Right Banner test "ᠣᠩᠨᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ongniγud qosiγu" # Ongniud Banner test "ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠢᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ǰalaid qosiγu" # Jalaid Banner test "ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "qanggin qoyitu qosiγu" # Hanggin Rear Banner test "ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠵᠤᠮᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ǰegün uǰumučin qosiγu" # East Ujimqin Banner test "ᠠᠷᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "aru qorčin qosiγu" # Ar Horqin Banner test "ᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "abaγ-a qosiγu" # Abag Banner test "ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ", "buriyad" # Буриад test "ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ", "ulaγanbaγatur" # Улаанбаатар test "ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ", "činggis qaγan" # Чингис Хаан
}
stage {
# RULES sub "\u182c", "k", after: any("\u1821\u1822\u1825\u1826") sub "\u182d", "g", after: any("\u1821\u1822\u1825\u1826") # CHARACTERS parallel { sub "ᠠ", "a" # \u1820 sub "ᠡ", "e" # \u1821 sub "ᠢ", "i" # \u1822 sub "ᠣ", "o" # \u1823 sub "ᠤ", "u" # \u1824 sub "ᠥ", "ö" # \u1825 sub "ᠦ", "ü" # \u1826 sub "ᠨ", "n" # \u1828 sub "ᠩ", "ng" # \u1829 sub "ᠬ", "q" # \u182c sub "ᠭ", "γ" # \u182d sub "ᠪ", "b" # \u182a sub "ᠫ", "p" # \u182b sub "ᠹ", "f" # \u1839 sub "ᠰ", "s" # \u1830 sub "ᠱ", "š" # \u1831 sub "ᠲ", "t" # \u1832 sub "ᠳ", "d" # \u1833 sub "ᠯ", "l" # \u182f sub "ᠮ", "m" # \u182e sub "ᠴ", "č" # \u1834 sub "ᠵ", "ǰ" # \u1835 sub "ᠶ", "y" # \u1836 sub "ᠺ", "k" # \u183a sub "ᠷ", "r" # \u1837 sub "ᠸ", "v" # \u1838 sub "ᠾ", "h" # \u183e sub "᠁", "..." # \u1801 sub "᠂", "," # \u1802 sub "᠃", "." # \u1803 sub "᠄", ":" # \u1804 sub "", "-" # MVS sub " ", "-" # NNBSP }
}