metadata {
authority_id: sasm id: phonetic-1978 language: iso-639-2:mon source_script: Mong destination_script: Latn name: Transliteration of Place Names in Minority Languages in Chinese Pinyin (Mongolian, phonetic) url: http://www.moe.gov.cn/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/01/12/20150112161436994.pdf creation_date: 1976-06 description: | Article 1 The main purpose of the transliteration method of Chinese pinyin letter transliteration of place names in minority languages: (1) As a standard for spelling place names in minority languages with Chinese phonetic alphabet; (2) As a phonetic tool for surveying and recording ethnic place names in map surveying and mapping work; (3) As the main basis for the pronunciation and selection of place names in ethnic minority languages in Chinese character transliteration; (4) Provide convenient conditions for the unified compilation of my country's place-name information and index in alphabetical order. Article 2 The transliteration method is limited to the 26 letters in the "Hanyu Pinyin Plan", two letters with additional symbols and a sound-proof symbol. In order to make the transcription and phonetic more accurate, the syllable structure can not be restricted by the syllable form of Mandarin Chinese. Soundproof symbols can be used in various occasions that are easy to be confused. When recording, additional symbols can be added to specific letters to represent special sounds. The transliteration and transliteration of ethnic minority scripts in Latin script shall be based on the script. Letters with the same or similar pronunciation and usage as in the "Hanyu Pinyin Plan" shall be written according to them; different or dissimilar letters shall be transcribed separately. If the text does not use Latin letters, the corresponding Chinese phonetic letters shall be used according to the pronunciation of the text. If there is no text, according to the general voice mark. Article 3 Special place names are handled with reference to the following methods: (1) If the commonly used Chinese name is partly transliterated and partly translated, the transliteration part is spelled according to the transliteration method, and the free translation part is spelled according to the pronunciation of the Chinese character. (2) If the commonly used Chinese character translation is a section translation, the actual situation may be considered. Some are transliterated according to the full name of the original name, and some are spelled according to the Hanyu pronunciation of the section translation. (3) If the translated name of a Chinese character originally came from a minority language, but later became a Chinese form and has been commonly used, it can be spelled according to the pronunciation of the Chinese character, including the original name transliterated if necessary. (4) Other special circumstances shall be dealt with according to specific discretion. original_description: | 第一条 少数民族语地名汉语拼音字母音译转写法的主要用途: (1) 作为用汉语拼音字母拼写少数民族语地名的标准; (2)作为地图测绘工作中调査记录少数民族语地名的记音工具; (3) 作为汉字音译少数民族语地名定音和选字的主要依据; (4)为按照字母颐序统一编排我国地名资料和索引提供便利条件。 第二条 音译转写法限用《汉语拼音方案》中的26个字母,两个有附加符号的字母和一 个隔音符号,为了使转写和记音比较准确,音节结构可以不受汉语普通话音节 形式的限制,隔音符号可以在各种 容易混淆的场合应用,记音的时候附加符号可以加在特定的字母上面代表特殊 语音。 少数民族文字用拉丁字母的,音译转写以其文字为依据。跟《汉语拼音方案》 中读音和用法相同或相近的字母,一律照写;不同或不相近的字母分别规定转 写方式,文字不用拉丁字母的,根据文字的读音采用相应的汉语拼音字母表示 。没有文字的,根据通用语音标记。 第三条 特殊的地名参照下列办法处理: (1)惯用的汉字译名如果是一部分音译,一部分意译,其音译部分根据音译转 写法拼写,意译部分按照汉字读音拼写。 (2)惯用的汉字译名如果是节译,可以斟酌具体体情况,有的按照原名全称音 译转写,有的按照节译的汉宇读音拼写。 (3) 汉字译名如果原先来自少数民族语,后来变成汉语形式并且已经通用,可以按 照汉字读音拼写,必要时括注音译转写的原名。 (4) 其他特殊情况具体斟酌处理。 notes: - The transliteration of Mongolian place names is based on the customary pronunciation combining written and spoken languages. - The length of Mongolian vowels are generally spelled regardless of their spelling. Long vowels in place names are represented by double letters. - The Chinese phonetic alphabets transliterated by transliteration are juxtaposed with or without symbols and adjuncts. Normally, the spelling letters are without symbols, and the place names are recorded by the acronym. original_notes: (1) 蒙古语地名的音译转写,以书面语和口语通用相结合的习惯读法为依据。 (2) 蒙古语元音的长短,一般拼写不分,地名记音中长元音用双字母表示。 (3) 音译转写的汉语拼音字母有无符和加符并列的,一般拼写用无符字母,地名记音用加符宇母。 implementation_notes: - A separated final form of vowels a or e is common, and can appear at the end of a word, word stem, or suffix. This form requires a final-shaped preceding consonant and an inter-word gap in between. The vowels themselves appear as ᠠ, and with consonants as ᠬᠠ q‑a, ᠷᠠ r‑a/r‑e, etc. This gap can be transliterated with a hyphen. In digital typesetting, these forms are triggered by inserting a U+180E MONGOLIAN VOWEL SEPARATOR (HTML ᠎ · MVS) between the consonant and vowel. - All case suffixes, as well as any plural suffixes consisting of one or two syllables are likewise separated by a preceding and hyphen-transliterated gap. In digital typesetting, this gap is represented by a U+202F NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE (HTML   · NNBSP). A maximum of two case suffixes can be added to a stem. Single-letter vowel suffixes appear with the final-shaped forms of a/e, i, or u/ü, as in ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠ γaǰar‑a 'to the country' and ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠡ edür‑e 'on the day', or ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ulus‑i 'the state' etc. Multi-letter suffixes most often start with an initial- (consonants), medial- (vowels), or variant-shaped form.
}
tests {
test "ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠰ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ôrdôs hôta" # Ордос хот test "ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "bayannagûr hôta" # Баяннуур хот test "ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ûlaganhôta" # Улаан хот test "ᠬᠣᠣᠯᠢᠠ ᠭᠣᠤᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "hôôlia gôûl hôta" # Хоолингол хот test "ᠡᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "eriyen hôta" # Эрээн хот test "ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "rasiyan hôta" # Рашаан хот test "ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "bagarin baragûn hôsigû" # Баарин баруун хошуу test "ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "bagarin jegun hôsigû" # Баарин зүүн хошуу test "ᠲᠦᠩᠯᠢᠶᠣᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "tungliyôû hôta" # Байшинт хот test "ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "sili-yin hôta" # Шилийн хот test "ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "hôrin ger siyan" # Horinger County test "ᠤᠳᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "ûda tôgôrig" # Уда тойрог test "ᠦᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "uhai hôta" # Үхай хот test "ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "hayinan tôgôrig" # Hainan District test "ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠤᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠣᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "hayirûb-ûn tôhôi tôgôrig" # Haibowan District test "ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ûlaganqab hôta" # Улаанцав хот test "ᠵᠢᠨᠢᠩ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "jining tôgôrig" # Жинин тойрог test "ᠹᠸᠩᠵᠸᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "fwngjwe hôta" # Фенжень хот test "ᠵᠦᠸᠧᠽᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "juwezi siyan" # Zhuozi County test "ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠳᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "hûwade siyan" # Huade County test "ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "xangdû siyan" # Шанду шянь test "ᠰᠢᠩᠾᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "singhe siyan" # Шинхэ шянь test "ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠩᠴᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "liyangqang siyan" # Liangcheng County test "ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "qahar baragûn garûn emunedu hôsigû" # Цахар баруун гарын өмнөд хошуу test "ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "qahar baragûn garûn dûmdadû hôsigû" # Цахар баруун гарын дундад хошуу test "ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "qahar baragûn garûn hôyitû hôsigû" # Цахар баруун гарын хойд хошуу test "ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "dorbed hôsigû" # Дөрвөд хошуу test "ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "bûgûtû hôta" # Бугaт хот test "ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "hondelen tôgôrig" # Hondlon District test "ᠳᠦᠩᠾᠧ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "dunghe tôgôrig" # Donghe District test "ᠴᠢᠩᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "qingxan tôgôrig" # Qingshan District test "ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "sigûyitû tôgôrig" # Шигуай тойрог test "ᠵᠢᠦ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "jiu yûwan tôgôrig" # Jiuyuan District test "ᠭᠦᠶᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "guyang siyan" # Guyang County test "ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "tumed jegun hôsigû" # Түмэд Зүүн хошуу test "ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "tumed baragûn hôsigû" # Түмэд Баруун хошуу test "ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠤᠮᠢᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "darhan mûûmingg᠋an hôlbôgatû hôsigû" # Darhan Muminggan United Banner test "ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭᠲᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "hesigten hôsigû" # Hexigten Banner test "ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "sin-e bargû jegun hôsigû" # New Barag Left Banner test "ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "sin-e bargû baragûn hôsigû" # New Barag Right Banner test "ᠣᠲᠣᠭ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ôtôg hôsigû" # Otog Banner test "ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠱᠧᠩ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "d᠋ungxeng tôgôrig" # Dongsheng District test "ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "dalad hôsigû" # Dalad Banner test "ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "jegungar hôsigû" # Jungar Banner test "ᠣᠲᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ôtôg-ûn emunedu hôsigû" # Otog Front Banner test "ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "hanggin hôsigû" # Hanggin Banner test "ᠦᠦᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "uusin hôsigû" # Uxin Banner test "ᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ejin hôrôg-a hôsigû" # Эзэн Хороо хошуу test "ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠢ᠌ᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "jalan ai᠌l hôta" # Жалан-Айл хот test "ᠶᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "yagsi hôta" # Ягши хот test "ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "manjûûr hôta" # Манжуур хот test "ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "hayilar tôgôrig" # Хайлаар тойрог test "ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "hôrqin tôgôrig" # Horqin District test "ᠺᠠᠶᠢᠯᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "kayilu siyan" # Kailu County test "ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "huriy-e hôsigû" # Hure Banner test "ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "naiman hôsigû" # Naiman Banner test "ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "jarûd hôsigû" # Jarud Banner test "ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "hôrqin baragûn garûn dûmdadû hôsigû" # Хорчин Баруун Гарын Дундад Хошуу test "ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "hôrqin jegun garûn dûmdadû hôsigû" # Horqin Left Middle Banner test "ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "hôrqin jegun garûn hôyitû hôsigû" # Horqin Left Rear Banner test "ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ûlaganhada hôta" # Улаанхад хот test "ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢ", "sereqi" # Salaqi test "ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠣᠤᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "gegen gôûl hôta" # Гэгээнгол хот test "ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "alaxa jegun hôsigû" # Alxa Left Banner test "ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "alaxa baragûn hôsigû" # Alxa Right Banner test "ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ejen-e hôsigû" # Ejin Banner test "ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "hobegetu sir-a hôsigû" # Хөвөөт Шар хошуу test "ᠦᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "uyûwan siyan" # Үюань шянь test "ᠦᠴᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "uqûwan siyan" # Wuchuan County test "ᠲᠦᠴᠢᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "tuqiûwan siyan" # Тучуань шянь test "ᠨᠢᠩᠴᠧᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "ningqeng siyan" # Ningcheng County test "ᠯᠢᠨᠰᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "linsi siyan" # Linxi County test "ᠯᠢᠨᠾᠧ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "linhe tôgôrig" # Linhe test "ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "haraqin hôsigû" # Harqin Banner test "ᠳ᠋ᠧᠩᠺᠧᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "d᠋engkeu siyan" # Dengkou County test "ᠠᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "aûhan hôsigû" # Aohan Banner test "ᠴᠢᠩ ᠱᠦᠢ ᠾᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "qing xui he siyan" # Qingshuihe County test "ᠬᠣᠳᠣᠩ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "hôdông arad-ûn tôgôrig" # Huimin District test "ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "sayihan tôgôrig" # Saihan District test "ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "sin-e hôta tôgôrig" # Xincheng District test "ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠤᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠣᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "hayirûb-ûn tôhôi tôgôrig" # Haibowan (Hairibin Tohoi) District test "ᠰᠦᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "sung xan tôgôrig" # Songshan District test "ᠬᠦᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "hung xan tôgôrig" # Hongshan District test "ᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "arûn hôsigû" # Арун хошуу test "ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠣ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "yûwan bôô xan tôgôrig" # Юаньбаошань тойрог test "ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "silûgûn hobegetu qagan hôsigû" # Шулуун Хөвөөт Цагаан хошуу test "ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "silûgûn hohe hôsigû" # Шулуун хөх хошуу test "ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ûrad-ûn dûmdadû hôsigû" # Урадын Дундад Хошуу test "ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ûrad-ûn emunedu hôsigû" # Урадын Өмнөд Хошуу test "ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "tôgtahû siyan" # Тогтох шянь test "ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠫᠤᠰᠧ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "tayipûse hôsigû" # Тайвас хошуу test "ᠰᠥᠨᠡᠳ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "soned jegun hôsigû" # Sonid Left Banner test "ᠰᠥᠨᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "soned baragûn hôsigû" # Sonid Right Banner test "ᠣᠩᠨᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ôngnigûd hôsigû" # Ongniud Banner test "ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠢᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "jalaid hôsigû" # Jalaid Banner test "ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "hanggin hôyitû hôsigû" # Hanggin Rear Banner test "ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠵᠤᠮᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "jegun ûjûmûqin hôsigû" # East Ujimqin Banner test "ᠠᠷᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "arû hôrqin hôsigû" # Ar Horqin Banner test "ᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "abag-a hôsigû" # Abag Banner test "ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ", "bûriyad" # Буриад test "ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ", "ûlaganbagatûr" # Улаанбаатар
}
dependency “sasm-mon-Mong-Latn-general-1978”, as: monglatn
stage {
# CHARACTERS parallel { sub "ᠣ", "ô" # For place names sub "ᠤ", "û" # For place names } run map.monglatn.stage.main
}