metadata {
authority_id: un id: general-2013 language: iso-639-2:mon source_script: Mong destination_script: Latn name: Romanization of Mongolian in China -- UNGEGN 4.0 url: http://www.eki.ee/wgrs/rom1_mnc.htm creation_date: 2013-09 description: | The United Nations resolution III/8 in 1977 recognized the Scheme for a Chinese Phonetic Alphabet (Pinyin) as China’s official Roman alphabet scheme and recommended the alphabet as the international system for the romanization of Chinese geographical names. In China Mongolian geographical names are transcribed directly from the Mongolian script into Pinyin. The scheme was published in Toponymic Guidelines for Map and Other Editors: China, 1982. The system is used in China and in international cartographic products. Mongolian uses a vertical script. Transcription of Mongolian names is made from their proper pronunciation based on the written form of the Mongolian language and Qahar vernacular, with Zhenglan as its representative pronunciation. Due to the complex nature of the script the romanization scheme is not reversible, e.g. the name of the city Hohhot is written ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠬᠣᠲᠠ but may be transliterated as kökeqota. notes: - The long and short Mongolian vowels are not distinguished in the spelling for general use, but in recording the pronunciation of place-names, the long vowel is represented by duplication. - Where two Roman equivalents are given, the second (in brackets) is used for recording the pronunciation of place-names while the first form is for general use. - In the table only word-initial character variants are shown. Depending on the position in the word many variants of the characters are used as well as some ligatures. These features are not covered here. - For technical reasons the characters of the Mongolian script are turned 90˚ anti-clockwise. implementation_notes: - A separated final form of vowels a or e is common, and can appear at the end of a word, word stem, or suffix. This form requires a final-shaped preceding consonant and an inter-word gap in between. The vowels themselves appear as ᠠ, and with consonants as ᠬᠠ q‑a, ᠷᠠ r‑a/r‑e, etc. This gap can be transliterated with a hyphen. In digital typesetting, these forms are triggered by inserting a U+180E MONGOLIAN VOWEL SEPARATOR (HTML ᠎ · MVS) between the consonant and vowel. - All case suffixes, as well as any plural suffixes consisting of one or two syllables are likewise separated by a preceding and hyphen-transliterated gap. In digital typesetting, this gap is represented by a U+202F NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE (HTML   · NNBSP). A maximum of two case suffixes can be added to a stem. Single-letter vowel suffixes appear with the final-shaped forms of a/e, i, or u/ü, as in ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠ γaǰar‑a 'to the country' and ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠡ edür‑e 'on the day', or ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ulus‑i 'the state' etc. Multi-letter suffixes most often start with an initial- (consonants), medial- (vowels), or variant-shaped form.
}
tests {
test "ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠰ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ordos hota" # Ордос хот test "ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "bayannagur hota" # Баяннуур хот test "ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ulaganhota" # Улаан хот test "ᠬᠣᠣᠯᠢᠠ ᠭᠣᠤᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "hoolia goul hota" # Хоолингол хот test "ᠡᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "eriyen hota" # Эрээн хот test "ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "rasiyan hota" # Рашаан хот test "ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "bagarin baragun hosigu" # Баарин баруун хошуу test "ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "bagarin jegun hosigu" # Баарин зүүн хошуу test "ᠲᠦᠩᠯᠢᠶᠣᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "tungliyou hota" # Байшинт хот test "ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "sili-yin hota" # Шилийн хот test "ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "horin ger siyan" # Horinger County test "ᠤᠳᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "uda togorig" # Уда тойрог test "ᠦᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "uhai hota" # Үхай хот test "ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "hayinan togorig" # Hainan District test "ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠤᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠣᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "hayirub-un tohoi togorig" # Haibowan District test "ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ulaganqab hota" # Улаанцав хот test "ᠵᠢᠨᠢᠩ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "jining togorig" # Жинин тойрог test "ᠹᠸᠩᠵᠸᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "fwngjwe hota" # Фенжень хот test "ᠵᠦᠸᠧᠽᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "juwezi siyan" # Zhuozi County test "ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠳᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "huwade siyan" # Huade County test "ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "xangdu siyan" # Шанду шянь test "ᠰᠢᠩᠾᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "singhe siyan" # Шинхэ шянь test "ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠩᠴᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "liyangqang siyan" # Liangcheng County test "ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "qahar baragun garun emunedu hosigu" # Цахар баруун гарын өмнөд хошуу test "ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "qahar baragun garun dumdadu hosigu" # Цахар баруун гарын дундад хошуу test "ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "qahar baragun garun hoyitu hosigu" # Цахар баруун гарын хойд хошуу test "ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "dorbed hosigu" # Дөрвөд хошуу test "ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "bugutu hota" # Бугaт хот test "ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "hondelen togorig" # Hondlon District test "ᠳᠦᠩᠾᠧ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "dunghe togorig" # Donghe District test "ᠴᠢᠩᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "qingxan togorig" # Qingshan District test "ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "siguyitu togorig" # Шигуай тойрог test "ᠵᠢᠦ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "jiu yuwan togorig" # Jiuyuan District test "ᠭᠦᠶᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "guyang siyan" # Guyang County test "ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "tumed jegun hosigu" # Түмэд Зүүн хошуу test "ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "tumed baragun hosigu" # Түмэд Баруун хошуу test "ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠤᠮᠢᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "darhan muumingg᠋an holbogatu hosigu" # Darhan Muminggan United Banner test "ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭᠲᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "hesigten hosigu" # Hexigten Banner test "ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "sin-e bargu jegun hosigu" # New Barag Left Banner test "ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "sin-e bargu baragun hosigu" # New Barag Right Banner test "ᠣᠲᠣᠭ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "otog hosigu" # Otog Banner test "ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠱᠧᠩ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "d᠋ungxeng togorig" # Dongsheng District test "ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "dalad hosigu" # Dalad Banner test "ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "jegungar hosigu" # Jungar Banner test "ᠣᠲᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "otog-un emunedu hosigu" # Otog Front Banner test "ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "hanggin hosigu" # Hanggin Banner test "ᠦᠦᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "uusin hosigu" # Uxin Banner test "ᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ejin horog-a hosigu" # Эзэн Хороо хошуу test "ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠢ᠌ᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "jalan ai᠌l hota" # Жалан-Айл хот test "ᠶᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "yagsi hota" # Ягши хот test "ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "manjuur hota" # Манжуур хот test "ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "hayilar togorig" # Хайлаар тойрог test "ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "horqin togorig" # Horqin District test "ᠺᠠᠶᠢᠯᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "kayilu siyan" # Kailu County test "ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "huriy-e hosigu" # Hure Banner test "ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "naiman hosigu" # Naiman Banner test "ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "jarud hosigu" # Jarud Banner test "ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "horqin baragun garun dumdadu hosigu" # Хорчин Баруун Гарын Дундад Хошуу test "ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "horqin jegun garun dumdadu hosigu" # Horqin Left Middle Banner test "ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "horqin jegun garun hoyitu hosigu" # Horqin Left Rear Banner test "ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "ulaganhada hota" # Улаанхад хот test "ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢ", "sereqi" # Salaqi test "ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠣᠤᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ", "gegen goul hota" # Гэгээнгол хот test "ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "alaxa jegun hosigu" # Alxa Left Banner test "ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "alaxa baragun hosigu" # Alxa Right Banner test "ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ejen-e hosigu" # Ejin Banner test "ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "hobegetu sir-a hosigu" # Хөвөөт Шар хошуу test "ᠦᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "uyuwan siyan" # Үюань шянь test "ᠦᠴᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "uquwan siyan" # Wuchuan County test "ᠲᠦᠴᠢᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "tuqiuwan siyan" # Тучуань шянь test "ᠨᠢᠩᠴᠧᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "ningqeng siyan" # Ningcheng County test "ᠯᠢᠨᠰᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "linsi siyan" # Linxi County test "ᠯᠢᠨᠾᠧ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "linhe togorig" # Linhe test "ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "haraqin hosigu" # Harqin Banner test "ᠳ᠋ᠧᠩᠺᠧᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "d᠋engkeu siyan" # Dengkou County test "ᠠᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "auhan hosigu" # Aohan Banner test "ᠴᠢᠩ ᠱᠦᠢ ᠾᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "qing xui he siyan" # Qingshuihe County test "ᠬᠣᠳᠣᠩ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "hodong arad-un togorig" # Huimin District test "ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "sayihan togorig" # Saihan District test "ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "sin-e hota togorig" # Xincheng District test "ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠤᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠣᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "hayirub-un tohoi togorig" # Haibowan (Hairibin Tohoi) District test "ᠰᠦᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "sung xan togorig" # Songshan District test "ᠬᠦᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "hung xan togorig" # Hongshan District test "ᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "arun hosigu" # Арун хошуу test "ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠣ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ", "yuwan boo xan togorig" # Юаньбаошань тойрог test "ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "silugun hobegetu qagan hosigu" # Шулуун Хөвөөт Цагаан хошуу test "ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "silugun hohe hosigu" # Шулуун хөх хошуу test "ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "urad-un dumdadu hosigu" # Урадын Дундад Хошуу test "ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "urad-un emunedu hosigu" # Урадын Өмнөд Хошуу test "ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ", "togtahu siyan" # Тогтох шянь test "ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠫᠤᠰᠧ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "tayipuse hosigu" # Тайвас хошуу test "ᠰᠥᠨᠡᠳ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "soned jegun hosigu" # Sonid Left Banner test "ᠰᠥᠨᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "soned baragun hosigu" # Sonid Right Banner test "ᠣᠩᠨᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "ongnigud hosigu" # Ongniud Banner test "ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠢᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "jalaid hosigu" # Jalaid Banner test "ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "hanggin hoyitu hosigu" # Hanggin Rear Banner test "ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠵᠤᠮᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "jegun ujumuqin hosigu" # East Ujimqin Banner test "ᠠᠷᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "aru horqin hosigu" # Ar Horqin Banner test "ᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ", "abag-a hosigu" # Abag Banner test "ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ", "buriyad" # Буриад test "ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ", "ulaganbagatur" # Улаанбаатар
}
dependency “sasm-mon-Mong-Latn-general-1978”, as: monglatn
stage {
run map.monglatn.stage.main
}