metadata {
authority_id: alalc id: 2012 language: iso-639-2:san source_script: Deva destination_script: Latn name: Romanization Table -- Sanskrit (2012) url: https://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/romanization/sanskrit.pdf creation_date: 2012 description: | ALA-LC Romanization table for Sanskrit notes: - Only the vowel forms that appear at the beginning of a syllable are listed; the forms used for vowels following a consonant can be found in grammars; no distinction between the two is made in transliteration. - | The vowel a is implicit after all consonants and consonant clusters and is supplied in transliteration, with the following exceptions: a) when another vowel is indicated by its appropriate sign; and b) when the absence of any vowel is indicated by the subscript sign ( ् ) called halanta or virāma. - | Exception: Anusvāra is transliterated by: a) ṅ before gutturals, b) ñ before palatals, c) ṇ before cerebrals, d) n before dentals, and e) m before labials. In other circumstances it is transliterated by a tilde (~) over the vowel. - When doubled, avagraha is transliterated by two apostrophes ( ’’ ).
}
tests {
test "पूर्णमदः पूर्णमिदं पूर्णात् पूर्ण्मुदच्यते", "pūrṇamadaḥ pūrṇamidaṃ pūrṇāt pūrṇmudacyate" test "पूर्णस्य पूर्णमादाय पूर्णमेवावशिष्यते", "pūrṇasya pūrṇamādāya pūrṇamevāvaśiṣyate" test "यथा चतुर्भिः कनकं परीक्ष्यते निर्घषणच्छेदन तापताडनैः", "yathā caturbhiḥ kanakaṃ parīkṣyate nirghaṣaṇacchedana tāpatāḍanaiḥ" test "तथा चतुर्भिः पुरुषः परीक्ष्यते त्यागेन शीलेन गुणेन कर्मणा", "tathā caturbhiḥ puruṣaḥ parīkṣyate tyāgena śīlena guṇena karmaṇā" test "यो न हृष्यति न द्वेष्टि न शोचति न काङ्क्षति", "yo na hṛṣyati na dveṣṭi na śocati na kāṅkṣati" test "शुभाशुभपरित्यागी भक्तिमान्यः स मे प्रियः", "śubhāśubhaparityāgī bhaktimānyaḥ sa me priyaḥ" test "सत्य -सत्यमेवेश्वरो लोके सत्ये धर्मः सदाश्रितः", "satya -satyameveśvaro loke satye dharmaḥ sadāśritaḥ" test "सत्यमूलनि सर्वाणि सत्यान्नास्ति परं पदम्", "satyamūlani sarvāṇi satyānnāsti paraṃ padam" test "पिता माताग्निरात्मा च गुरुश्च भरतर्षभ", "pitā mātāgnirātmā ca guruśca bharatarṣabha"
}
aliases {
def_alias deva_chars_1, any("\u093e\u093f\u0940\u0941\u0942\u0943\u0944\u0947\u0948\u094b\u094c\u094d")
}
stage {
# RULES # note [2] sub "क", "k", after: deva_chars_1 sub "ख", "kh", after: deva_chars_1 sub "ग", "g", after: deva_chars_1 sub "घ", "gh", after: deva_chars_1 sub "ङ", "ṅ", after: deva_chars_1 sub "च", "c", after: deva_chars_1 sub "छ", "ch", after: deva_chars_1 sub "ज", "j", after: deva_chars_1 sub "झ", "jh", after: deva_chars_1 sub "ञ", "ñ", after: deva_chars_1 sub "ट", "ṭ", after: deva_chars_1 sub "ठ", "ṭh", after: deva_chars_1 sub "ड", "ḍ", after: deva_chars_1 sub "ढ", "ḍh", after: deva_chars_1 sub "ण", "ṇ", after: deva_chars_1 sub "त", "t", after: deva_chars_1 sub "थ", "th", after: deva_chars_1 sub "द", "d", after: deva_chars_1 sub "ध", "dh", after: deva_chars_1 sub "न", "n", after: deva_chars_1 sub "प", "p", after: deva_chars_1 sub "फ", "ph", after: deva_chars_1 sub "ब", "b", after: deva_chars_1 sub "भ", "bh", after: deva_chars_1 sub "म", "m", after: deva_chars_1 sub "य", "y", after: deva_chars_1 sub "र", "r", after: deva_chars_1 sub "ल", "l", after: deva_chars_1 sub "ळ", "ḻ", after: deva_chars_1 sub "व", "v", after: deva_chars_1 sub "श", "ś", after: deva_chars_1 sub "ष", "ṣ", after: deva_chars_1 sub "स", "s", after: deva_chars_1 sub "ह", "h", after: deva_chars_1 # note[3] sub "\u0902", "ṅ", after: any("कखगघङ") sub "\u0902", "ñ", after: any("चछजझञ") sub "\u0902", "ṇ", after: any("टठडढण") sub "\u0902", "n", after: any("तथदधन") # CHARACTERS parallel { # I. Vowels and Diphthongs (see Note 1) sub "अ", "a" sub "आ", "ā" sub "इ", "i" sub "ई", "ī" sub "उ", "u" sub "ऊ", "ū" sub "ऋ", "ṛ" sub "ॠ", "ṝ" sub "ऌ", "ḷ" sub "ए", "e" sub "ऐ", "ai" sub "ओ", "o" sub "औ", "au" # II. Consonants (see Note 2) # Gutturals sub "क", "ka" sub "ख", "kha" sub "ग", "ga" sub "घ", "gha" sub "ङ", "ṅa" # Palatals sub "च", "ca" sub "छ", "cha" sub "ज", "ja" sub "झ", "jha" sub "ञ", "ña" # Cerebrals sub "ट", "ṭa" sub "ठ", "ṭha" sub "ड", "ḍa" sub "ढ", "ḍha" sub "ण", "ṇa" # Dentals sub "त", "ta" sub "थ", "tha" sub "द", "da" sub "ध", "dha" sub "न", "na" # Labials sub "प", "pa" sub "फ", "pha" sub "ब", "ba" sub "भ", "bha" sub "म", "ma" # Semivowels sub "य", "ya" sub "र", "ra" sub "ल", "la" sub "ळ", "ḻa" sub "व", "va" # Sibilants sub "श", "śa" sub "ष", "ṣa" sub "स", "sa" # Aspirate sub "ह", "ha" # Anusvāra sub "ं", "ṃ" # Bisarga sub "ः", "ḥ" # Anunāsika sub "ँ", "m̐" # Abagraha sub "ऽ", "’" # (apostrophe) #Jihvāmūlīya sub "\u0CF1", "ẖ" #Upadhmānīya sub "\u0CF2", "ḫ" # Medials # Needed for connecting constants sub "ा", "ā" sub "ि", "i" sub "ी", "ī" sub "ु", "u" sub "ू", "ū" sub "ृ", "ṛ" sub "ॄ", "ṝ" sub "े", "e" sub "ै", "ai" sub "ो", "o" sub "ौ", "au" sub "्", "" sub "", "" # Used for joining } compose
}