Ting
¶ ↑
Ting
can convert between various systems for phonetically writing Mandarin Chinese. It can also handle various representation of tones, so it can be used to convert pinyin with numbers to pinyin with tones.
Hanyu Pinyin, Bopomofo, Wade-Giles, Tongyong Pinyin and International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) are supported.
INSTALL¶ ↑
-
gem install ting
SYNOPSIS¶ ↑
To parse your strings create a Reader
object. Ting.reader()
takes two parameters : the transliteration format, and the way that tones are represented.
To some extent these can be mixed and matched.
To generate pinyin/wade-giles/etc. create a Writer
object. Use Ting.writer()
Formats¶ ↑
-
:hanyu
Hanyu Pinyin -
:zhuyin
Zhuyin Fuhao (a.k.a. Bopomofo) -
:wadegiles
Wade Giles -
:ipa
International Phonetic Alphabet -
:tongyong
Tongyong Pinyin
Tones¶ ↑
-
:numbers
Simply put a number after the syllable, easy to type -
:accents
Use diacritics, follows the Hanyu Pinyin rules, there needs to be at least one vowel to apply this to, not usable with IPA or Bopomofo -
:supernum
Superscript numerals, typically used for Wade-Giles -
:marks
Tone mark after the syllable, typically used for Bopomofo -
:ipa
IPA tone marks -
:no_tones
Use no tones
Examples¶ ↑
Parse Hanyu Pinyin
““ruby require 'ting'
reader = Ting.reader
(:hanyu, :numbers) reader.( “wo3 ai4 ni3” ) # => [<Ting::Syllable <initial=Empty, final=Uo, tone=3>>, # <Ting::Syllable <initial=Empty, final=Ai, tone=4>>, # <Ting::Syllable <initial=Ne, final=I, tone=3>>] ““
Generate Bopomofo
ruby zhuyin = Ting.writer(:zhuyin, :marks) zhuyin.(reader.("wo3 ai4 ni3")) # => "ㄨㄛˇ ㄞˋ ㄋㄧˇ"
Generate Wade-Giles
ruby wadegiles = Ting.writer(:wadegiles, :supernum) wadegiles.(reader.("qing2 kuang4 ru2 he2")) # => "ch`ing² k`uang⁴ ju² ho²"
Generate IPA
ruby ipa = Ting.writer.new(:ipa, :ipa) ipa.(reader.("you3 peng2 zi4 yuan2 fang1 lai2")) # => "iou˧˩˧ pʰeŋ˧˥ ts˥˩ yɛn˧˥ faŋ˥˥ lai˧˥"
Since this is such a common use case, a convenience method exists to add diacritics to pinyin.
ruby Ting.pretty_tones "wo3 ai4 ni3" # => "wǒ ài nǐ"
Note that syllables need to be separated by spaces, feeding “peng2you3” to the parser does not work. The Ting.pretty_tones(string)
method does handle these things a bit more gracefully.
If you need to parse input that does not conform, consider using a regexp to scan for valid syllables, then feed the syllables to the parser one by one. Have a look at Ting.pretty_tones
for an example of how to do this, but note that it does not support special cases like erhua (wanr2 = wan2 er) or non-standard Pinyin syllables like 嗯/“ń” or 呣/“ḿ” (which appear in the official Unicode data and some textbooks).
ting_table¶ ↑
The ting_table
script will spit out a CSV table of all syllables and formats Ting
knows about. Useful if you want to do conversion in other languages.
REQUIREMENTS¶ ↑
-
none,
Ting
uses nothing but Ruby
LICENSE¶ ↑
Copyright © 2007-2017, Arne Brasseur. (www.arnebrasseur.net)
Available as Free Software under the GPLv3 License, see LICENSE.txt for details