/**

* State-based routing for AngularJS
* @version v0.2.13
* @link http://angular-ui.github.com/
* @license MIT License, http://www.opensource.org/licenses/MIT
*/

/* commonjs package manager support (eg componentjs) */ if (typeof module !== “undefined” && typeof exports !== “undefined” && module.exports === exports){

module.exports = 'ui.router';

}

(function (window, angular, undefined) { /*jshint globalstrict:true*/ /*global angular:false*/ ‘use strict’;

var isDefined = angular.isDefined,

isFunction = angular.isFunction,
isString = angular.isString,
isObject = angular.isObject,
isArray = angular.isArray,
forEach = angular.forEach,
extend = angular.extend,
copy = angular.copy;

function inherit(parent, extra) {

return extend(new (extend(function() {}, { prototype: parent }))(), extra);

}

function merge(dst) {

forEach(arguments, function(obj) {
  if (obj !== dst) {
    forEach(obj, function(value, key) {
      if (!dst.hasOwnProperty(key)) dst[key] = value;
    });
  }
});
return dst;

}

/**

* Finds the common ancestor path between two states.
*
* @param {Object} first The first state.
* @param {Object} second The second state.
* @return {Array} Returns an array of state names in descending order, not including the root.
*/

function ancestors(first, second) {

var path = [];

for (var n in first.path) {
  if (first.path[n] !== second.path[n]) break;
  path.push(first.path[n]);
}
return path;

}

/**

* IE8-safe wrapper for `Object.keys()`.
*
* @param {Object} object A JavaScript object.
* @return {Array} Returns the keys of the object as an array.
*/

function objectKeys(object) {

if (Object.keys) {
  return Object.keys(object);
}
var result = [];

angular.forEach(object, function(val, key) {
  result.push(key);
});
return result;

}

/**

* IE8-safe wrapper for `Array.prototype.indexOf()`.
*
* @param {Array} array A JavaScript array.
* @param {*} value A value to search the array for.
* @return {Number} Returns the array index value of `value`, or `-1` if not present.
*/

function indexOf(array, value) {

if (Array.prototype.indexOf) {
  return array.indexOf(value, Number(arguments[2]) || 0);
}
var len = array.length >>> 0, from = Number(arguments[2]) || 0;
from = (from < 0) ? Math.ceil(from) : Math.floor(from);

if (from < 0) from += len;

for (; from < len; from++) {
  if (from in array && array[from] === value) return from;
}
return -1;

}

/**

* Merges a set of parameters with all parameters inherited between the common parents of the
* current state and a given destination state.
*
* @param {Object} currentParams The value of the current state parameters ($stateParams).
* @param {Object} newParams The set of parameters which will be composited with inherited params.
* @param {Object} $current Internal definition of object representing the current state.
* @param {Object} $to Internal definition of object representing state to transition to.
*/

function inheritParams(currentParams, newParams, $current, $to) {

var parents = ancestors($current, $to), parentParams, inherited = {}, inheritList = [];

for (var i in parents) {
  if (!parents[i].params) continue;
  parentParams = objectKeys(parents[i].params);
  if (!parentParams.length) continue;

  for (var j in parentParams) {
    if (indexOf(inheritList, parentParams[j]) >= 0) continue;
    inheritList.push(parentParams[j]);
    inherited[parentParams[j]] = currentParams[parentParams[j]];
  }
}
return extend({}, inherited, newParams);

}

/**

* Performs a non-strict comparison of the subset of two objects, defined by a list of keys.
*
* @param {Object} a The first object.
* @param {Object} b The second object.
* @param {Array} keys The list of keys within each object to compare. If the list is empty or not specified,
*                     it defaults to the list of keys in `a`.
* @return {Boolean} Returns `true` if the keys match, otherwise `false`.
*/

function equalForKeys(a, b, keys) {

if (!keys) {
  keys = [];
  for (var n in a) keys.push(n); // Used instead of Object.keys() for IE8 compatibility
}

for (var i=0; i<keys.length; i++) {
  var k = keys[i];
  if (a[k] != b[k]) return false; // Not '===', values aren't necessarily normalized
}
return true;

}

/**

* Returns the subset of an object, based on a list of keys.
*
* @param {Array} keys
* @param {Object} values
* @return {Boolean} Returns a subset of `values`.
*/

function filterByKeys(keys, values) {

var filtered = {};

forEach(keys, function (name) {
  filtered[name] = values[name];
});
return filtered;

}

// like _.indexBy // when you know that your index values will be unique, or you want last-one-in to win function indexBy(array, propName) {

var result = {};
forEach(array, function(item) {
  result[item[propName]] = item;
});
return result;

}

// extracted from underscore.js // Return a copy of the object only containing the whitelisted properties. function pick(obj) {

var copy = {};
var keys = Array.prototype.concat.apply(Array.prototype, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1));
forEach(keys, function(key) {
  if (key in obj) copy[key] = obj[key];
});
return copy;

}

// extracted from underscore.js // Return a copy of the object omitting the blacklisted properties. function omit(obj) {

var copy = {};
var keys = Array.prototype.concat.apply(Array.prototype, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1));
for (var key in obj) {
  if (indexOf(keys, key) == -1) copy[key] = obj[key];
}
return copy;

}

function pluck(collection, key) {

var result = isArray(collection) ? [] : {};

forEach(collection, function(val, i) {
  result[i] = isFunction(key) ? key(val) : val[key];
});
return result;

}

function filter(collection, callback) {

var array = isArray(collection);
var result = array ? [] : {};
forEach(collection, function(val, i) {
  if (callback(val, i)) {
    result[array ? result.length : i] = val;
  }
});
return result;

}

function map(collection, callback) {

var result = isArray(collection) ? [] : {};

forEach(collection, function(val, i) {
  result[i] = callback(val, i);
});
return result;

}

/**

* @ngdoc overview
* @name ui.router.util
*
* @description
* # ui.router.util sub-module
*
* This module is a dependency of other sub-modules. Do not include this module as a dependency
* in your angular app (use {@link ui.router} module instead).
*
*/

angular.module(‘ui.router.util’, [‘ng’]);

/**

* @ngdoc overview
* @name ui.router.router
* 
* @requires ui.router.util
*
* @description
* # ui.router.router sub-module
*
* This module is a dependency of other sub-modules. Do not include this module as a dependency
* in your angular app (use {@link ui.router} module instead).
*/

angular.module(‘ui.router.router’, [‘ui.router.util’]);

/**

* @ngdoc overview
* @name ui.router.state
* 
* @requires ui.router.router
* @requires ui.router.util
*
* @description
* # ui.router.state sub-module
*
* This module is a dependency of the main ui.router module. Do not include this module as a dependency
* in your angular app (use {@link ui.router} module instead).
* 
*/

angular.module(‘ui.router.state’, [‘ui.router.router’, ‘ui.router.util’]);

/**

* @ngdoc overview
* @name ui.router
*
* @requires ui.router.state
*
* @description
* # ui.router
* 
* ## The main module for ui.router 
* There are several sub-modules included with the ui.router module, however only this module is needed
* as a dependency within your angular app. The other modules are for organization purposes. 
*
* The modules are:
* * ui.router - the main "umbrella" module
* * ui.router.router - 
* 
* *You'll need to include **only** this module as the dependency within your angular app.*
* 
* <pre>
* <!doctype html>
* <html ng-app="myApp">
* <head>
*   <script src="js/angular.js"></script>
*   <!-- Include the ui-router script -->
*   <script src="js/angular-ui-router.min.js"></script>
*   <script>
*     // ...and add 'ui.router' as a dependency
*     var myApp = angular.module('myApp', ['ui.router']);
*   </script>
* </head>
* <body>
* </body>
* </html>
* </pre>
*/

angular.module(‘ui.router’, [‘ui.router.state’]);

angular.module(‘ui.router.compat’, [‘ui.router’]);

/**

* @ngdoc object
* @name ui.router.util.$resolve
*
* @requires $q
* @requires $injector
*
* @description
* Manages resolution of (acyclic) graphs of promises.
*/

$Resolve.$inject = [‘$q’, ‘$injector’]; function $Resolve( $q, $injector) {

var VISIT_IN_PROGRESS = 1,
    VISIT_DONE = 2,
    NOTHING = {},
    NO_DEPENDENCIES = [],
    NO_LOCALS = NOTHING,
    NO_PARENT = extend($q.when(NOTHING), { $$promises: NOTHING, $$values: NOTHING });

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.util.$resolve#study
 * @methodOf ui.router.util.$resolve
 *
 * @description
 * Studies a set of invocables that are likely to be used multiple times.
 * <pre>
 * $resolve.study(invocables)(locals, parent, self)
 * </pre>
 * is equivalent to
 * <pre>
 * $resolve.resolve(invocables, locals, parent, self)
 * </pre>
 * but the former is more efficient (in fact `resolve` just calls `study` 
 * internally).
 *
 * @param {object} invocables Invocable objects
 * @return {function} a function to pass in locals, parent and self
 */
this.study = function (invocables) {
  if (!isObject(invocables)) throw new Error("'invocables' must be an object");
  var invocableKeys = objectKeys(invocables || {});

  // Perform a topological sort of invocables to build an ordered plan
  var plan = [], cycle = [], visited = {};
  function visit(value, key) {
    if (visited[key] === VISIT_DONE) return;

    cycle.push(key);
    if (visited[key] === VISIT_IN_PROGRESS) {
      cycle.splice(0, indexOf(cycle, key));
      throw new Error("Cyclic dependency: " + cycle.join(" -> "));
    }
    visited[key] = VISIT_IN_PROGRESS;

    if (isString(value)) {
      plan.push(key, [ function() { return $injector.get(value); }], NO_DEPENDENCIES);
    } else {
      var params = $injector.annotate(value);
      forEach(params, function (param) {
        if (param !== key && invocables.hasOwnProperty(param)) visit(invocables[param], param);
      });
      plan.push(key, value, params);
    }

    cycle.pop();
    visited[key] = VISIT_DONE;
  }
  forEach(invocables, visit);
  invocables = cycle = visited = null; // plan is all that's required

  function isResolve(value) {
    return isObject(value) && value.then && value.$$promises;
  }

  return function (locals, parent, self) {
    if (isResolve(locals) && self === undefined) {
      self = parent; parent = locals; locals = null;
    }
    if (!locals) locals = NO_LOCALS;
    else if (!isObject(locals)) {
      throw new Error("'locals' must be an object");
    }       
    if (!parent) parent = NO_PARENT;
    else if (!isResolve(parent)) {
      throw new Error("'parent' must be a promise returned by $resolve.resolve()");
    }

    // To complete the overall resolution, we have to wait for the parent
    // promise and for the promise for each invokable in our plan.
    var resolution = $q.defer(),
        result = resolution.promise,
        promises = result.$$promises = {},
        values = extend({}, locals),
        wait = 1 + plan.length/3,
        merged = false;

    function done() {
      // Merge parent values we haven't got yet and publish our own $$values
      if (!--wait) {
        if (!merged) merge(values, parent.$$values); 
        result.$$values = values;
        result.$$promises = result.$$promises || true; // keep for isResolve()
        delete result.$$inheritedValues;
        resolution.resolve(values);
      }
    }

    function fail(reason) {
      result.$$failure = reason;
      resolution.reject(reason);
    }

    // Short-circuit if parent has already failed
    if (isDefined(parent.$$failure)) {
      fail(parent.$$failure);
      return result;
    }

    if (parent.$$inheritedValues) {
      merge(values, omit(parent.$$inheritedValues, invocableKeys));
    }

    // Merge parent values if the parent has already resolved, or merge
    // parent promises and wait if the parent resolve is still in progress.
    extend(promises, parent.$$promises);
    if (parent.$$values) {
      merged = merge(values, omit(parent.$$values, invocableKeys));
      result.$$inheritedValues = omit(parent.$$values, invocableKeys);
      done();
    } else {
      if (parent.$$inheritedValues) {
        result.$$inheritedValues = omit(parent.$$inheritedValues, invocableKeys);
      }        
      parent.then(done, fail);
    }

    // Process each invocable in the plan, but ignore any where a local of the same name exists.
    for (var i=0, ii=plan.length; i<ii; i+=3) {
      if (locals.hasOwnProperty(plan[i])) done();
      else invoke(plan[i], plan[i+1], plan[i+2]);
    }

    function invoke(key, invocable, params) {
      // Create a deferred for this invocation. Failures will propagate to the resolution as well.
      var invocation = $q.defer(), waitParams = 0;
      function onfailure(reason) {
        invocation.reject(reason);
        fail(reason);
      }
      // Wait for any parameter that we have a promise for (either from parent or from this
      // resolve; in that case study() will have made sure it's ordered before us in the plan).
      forEach(params, function (dep) {
        if (promises.hasOwnProperty(dep) && !locals.hasOwnProperty(dep)) {
          waitParams++;
          promises[dep].then(function (result) {
            values[dep] = result;
            if (!(--waitParams)) proceed();
          }, onfailure);
        }
      });
      if (!waitParams) proceed();
      function proceed() {
        if (isDefined(result.$$failure)) return;
        try {
          invocation.resolve($injector.invoke(invocable, self, values));
          invocation.promise.then(function (result) {
            values[key] = result;
            done();
          }, onfailure);
        } catch (e) {
          onfailure(e);
        }
      }
      // Publish promise synchronously; invocations further down in the plan may depend on it.
      promises[key] = invocation.promise;
    }

    return result;
  };
};

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.util.$resolve#resolve
 * @methodOf ui.router.util.$resolve
 *
 * @description
 * Resolves a set of invocables. An invocable is a function to be invoked via 
 * `$injector.invoke()`, and can have an arbitrary number of dependencies. 
 * An invocable can either return a value directly,
 * or a `$q` promise. If a promise is returned it will be resolved and the 
 * resulting value will be used instead. Dependencies of invocables are resolved 
 * (in this order of precedence)
 *
 * - from the specified `locals`
 * - from another invocable that is part of this `$resolve` call
 * - from an invocable that is inherited from a `parent` call to `$resolve` 
 *   (or recursively
 * - from any ancestor `$resolve` of that parent).
 *
 * The return value of `$resolve` is a promise for an object that contains 
 * (in this order of precedence)
 *
 * - any `locals` (if specified)
 * - the resolved return values of all injectables
 * - any values inherited from a `parent` call to `$resolve` (if specified)
 *
 * The promise will resolve after the `parent` promise (if any) and all promises 
 * returned by injectables have been resolved. If any invocable 
 * (or `$injector.invoke`) throws an exception, or if a promise returned by an 
 * invocable is rejected, the `$resolve` promise is immediately rejected with the 
 * same error. A rejection of a `parent` promise (if specified) will likewise be 
 * propagated immediately. Once the `$resolve` promise has been rejected, no 
 * further invocables will be called.
 * 
 * Cyclic dependencies between invocables are not permitted and will caues `$resolve`
 * to throw an error. As a special case, an injectable can depend on a parameter 
 * with the same name as the injectable, which will be fulfilled from the `parent` 
 * injectable of the same name. This allows inherited values to be decorated. 
 * Note that in this case any other injectable in the same `$resolve` with the same
 * dependency would see the decorated value, not the inherited value.
 *
 * Note that missing dependencies -- unlike cyclic dependencies -- will cause an 
 * (asynchronous) rejection of the `$resolve` promise rather than a (synchronous) 
 * exception.
 *
 * Invocables are invoked eagerly as soon as all dependencies are available. 
 * This is true even for dependencies inherited from a `parent` call to `$resolve`.
 *
 * As a special case, an invocable can be a string, in which case it is taken to 
 * be a service name to be passed to `$injector.get()`. This is supported primarily 
 * for backwards-compatibility with the `resolve` property of `$routeProvider` 
 * routes.
 *
 * @param {object} invocables functions to invoke or 
 * `$injector` services to fetch.
 * @param {object} locals  values to make available to the injectables
 * @param {object} parent  a promise returned by another call to `$resolve`.
 * @param {object} self  the `this` for the invoked methods
 * @return {object} Promise for an object that contains the resolved return value
 * of all invocables, as well as any inherited and local values.
 */
this.resolve = function (invocables, locals, parent, self) {
  return this.study(invocables)(locals, parent, self);
};

}

angular.module(‘ui.router.util’).service(‘$resolve’, $Resolve);

/**

* @ngdoc object
* @name ui.router.util.$templateFactory
*
* @requires $http
* @requires $templateCache
* @requires $injector
*
* @description
* Service. Manages loading of templates.
*/

$TemplateFactory.$inject = [‘$http’, ‘$templateCache’, ‘$injector’]; function $TemplateFactory( $http, $templateCache, $injector) {

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.util.$templateFactory#fromConfig
 * @methodOf ui.router.util.$templateFactory
 *
 * @description
 * Creates a template from a configuration object. 
 *
 * @param {object} config Configuration object for which to load a template. 
 * The following properties are search in the specified order, and the first one 
 * that is defined is used to create the template:
 *
 * @param {string|object} config.template html string template or function to 
 * load via {@link ui.router.util.$templateFactory#fromString fromString}.
 * @param {string|object} config.templateUrl url to load or a function returning 
 * the url to load via {@link ui.router.util.$templateFactory#fromUrl fromUrl}.
 * @param {Function} config.templateProvider function to invoke via 
 * {@link ui.router.util.$templateFactory#fromProvider fromProvider}.
 * @param {object} params  Parameters to pass to the template function.
 * @param {object} locals Locals to pass to `invoke` if the template is loaded 
 * via a `templateProvider`. Defaults to `{ params: params }`.
 *
 * @return {string|object}  The template html as a string, or a promise for 
 * that string,or `null` if no template is configured.
 */
this.fromConfig = function (config, params, locals) {
  return (
    isDefined(config.template) ? this.fromString(config.template, params) :
    isDefined(config.templateUrl) ? this.fromUrl(config.templateUrl, params) :
    isDefined(config.templateProvider) ? this.fromProvider(config.templateProvider, params, locals) :
    null
  );
};

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.util.$templateFactory#fromString
 * @methodOf ui.router.util.$templateFactory
 *
 * @description
 * Creates a template from a string or a function returning a string.
 *
 * @param {string|object} template html template as a string or function that 
 * returns an html template as a string.
 * @param {object} params Parameters to pass to the template function.
 *
 * @return {string|object} The template html as a string, or a promise for that 
 * string.
 */
this.fromString = function (template, params) {
  return isFunction(template) ? template(params) : template;
};

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.util.$templateFactory#fromUrl
 * @methodOf ui.router.util.$templateFactory
 * 
 * @description
 * Loads a template from the a URL via `$http` and `$templateCache`.
 *
 * @param {string|Function} url url of the template to load, or a function 
 * that returns a url.
 * @param {Object} params Parameters to pass to the url function.
 * @return {string|Promise.<string>} The template html as a string, or a promise 
 * for that string.
 */
this.fromUrl = function (url, params) {
  if (isFunction(url)) url = url(params);
  if (url == null) return null;
  else return $http
      .get(url, { cache: $templateCache, headers: { Accept: 'text/html' }})
      .then(function(response) { return response.data; });
};

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.util.$templateFactory#fromProvider
 * @methodOf ui.router.util.$templateFactory
 *
 * @description
 * Creates a template by invoking an injectable provider function.
 *
 * @param {Function} provider Function to invoke via `$injector.invoke`
 * @param {Object} params Parameters for the template.
 * @param {Object} locals Locals to pass to `invoke`. Defaults to 
 * `{ params: params }`.
 * @return {string|Promise.<string>} The template html as a string, or a promise 
 * for that string.
 */
this.fromProvider = function (provider, params, locals) {
  return $injector.invoke(provider, null, locals || { params: params });
};

}

angular.module(‘ui.router.util’).service(‘$templateFactory’, $TemplateFactory);

var $$UMFP; // reference to $UrlMatcherFactoryProvider

/**

* @ngdoc object
* @name ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher
*
* @description
* Matches URLs against patterns and extracts named parameters from the path or the search
* part of the URL. A URL pattern consists of a path pattern, optionally followed by '?' and a list
* of search parameters. Multiple search parameter names are separated by '&'. Search parameters
* do not influence whether or not a URL is matched, but their values are passed through into
* the matched parameters returned by {@link ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher#methods_exec exec}.
* 
* Path parameter placeholders can be specified using simple colon/catch-all syntax or curly brace
* syntax, which optionally allows a regular expression for the parameter to be specified:
*
* * `':'` name - colon placeholder
* * `'*'` name - catch-all placeholder
* * `'{' name '}'` - curly placeholder
* * `'{' name ':' regexp|type '}'` - curly placeholder with regexp or type name. Should the
*   regexp itself contain curly braces, they must be in matched pairs or escaped with a backslash.
*
* Parameter names may contain only word characters (latin letters, digits, and underscore) and
* must be unique within the pattern (across both path and search parameters). For colon 
* placeholders or curly placeholders without an explicit regexp, a path parameter matches any
* number of characters other than '/'. For catch-all placeholders the path parameter matches
* any number of characters.
* 
* Examples:
* 
* * `'/hello/'` - Matches only if the path is exactly '/hello/'. There is no special treatment for
*   trailing slashes, and patterns have to match the entire path, not just a prefix.
* * `'/user/:id'` - Matches '/user/bob' or '/user/1234!!!' or even '/user/' but not '/user' or
*   '/user/bob/details'. The second path segment will be captured as the parameter 'id'.
* * `'/user/{id}'` - Same as the previous example, but using curly brace syntax.
* * `'/user/{id:[^/]*}'` - Same as the previous example.
* * `'/user/{id:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,8}}'` - Similar to the previous example, but only matches if the id
*   parameter consists of 1 to 8 hex digits.
* * `'/files/{path:.*}'` - Matches any URL starting with '/files/' and captures the rest of the
*   path into the parameter 'path'.
* * `'/files/*path'` - ditto.
* * `'/calendar/{start:date}'` - Matches "/calendar/2014-11-12" (because the pattern defined
*   in the built-in  `date` Type matches `2014-11-12`) and provides a Date object in $stateParams.start
*
* @param {string} pattern  The pattern to compile into a matcher.
* @param {Object} config  A configuration object hash:
* @param {Object=} parentMatcher Used to concatenate the pattern/config onto
*   an existing UrlMatcher
*
* * `caseInsensitive` - `true` if URL matching should be case insensitive, otherwise `false`, the default value (for backward compatibility) is `false`.
* * `strict` - `false` if matching against a URL with a trailing slash should be treated as equivalent to a URL without a trailing slash, the default value is `true`.
*
* @property {string} prefix  A static prefix of this pattern. The matcher guarantees that any
*   URL matching this matcher (i.e. any string for which {@link ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher#methods_exec exec()} returns
*   non-null) will start with this prefix.
*
* @property {string} source  The pattern that was passed into the constructor
*
* @property {string} sourcePath  The path portion of the source property
*
* @property {string} sourceSearch  The search portion of the source property
*
* @property {string} regex  The constructed regex that will be used to match against the url when 
*   it is time to determine which url will match.
*
* @returns {Object}  New `UrlMatcher` object
*/

function UrlMatcher(pattern, config, parentMatcher) {

config = extend({ params: {} }, isObject(config) ? config : {});

// Find all placeholders and create a compiled pattern, using either classic or curly syntax:
//   '*' name
//   ':' name
//   '{' name '}'
//   '{' name ':' regexp '}'
// The regular expression is somewhat complicated due to the need to allow curly braces
// inside the regular expression. The placeholder regexp breaks down as follows:
//    ([:*])([\w\[\]]+)              - classic placeholder ($1 / $2) (search version has - for snake-case)
//    \{([\w\[\]]+)(?:\:( ... ))?\}  - curly brace placeholder ($3) with optional regexp/type ... ($4) (search version has - for snake-case
//    (?: ... | ... | ... )+         - the regexp consists of any number of atoms, an atom being either
//    [^{}\\]+                       - anything other than curly braces or backslash
//    \\.                            - a backslash escape
//    \{(?:[^{}\\]+|\\.)*\}          - a matched set of curly braces containing other atoms
var placeholder       = /([:*])([\w\[\]]+)|\{([\w\[\]]+)(?:\:((?:[^{}\\]+|\\.|\{(?:[^{}\\]+|\\.)*\})+))?\}/g,
    searchPlaceholder = /([:]?)([\w\[\]-]+)|\{([\w\[\]-]+)(?:\:((?:[^{}\\]+|\\.|\{(?:[^{}\\]+|\\.)*\})+))?\}/g,
    compiled = '^', last = 0, m,
    segments = this.segments = [],
    parentParams = parentMatcher ? parentMatcher.params : {},
    params = this.params = parentMatcher ? parentMatcher.params.$$new() : new $$UMFP.ParamSet(),
    paramNames = [];

function addParameter(id, type, config, location) {
  paramNames.push(id);
  if (parentParams[id]) return parentParams[id];
  if (!/^\w+(-+\w+)*(?:\[\])?$/.test(id)) throw new Error("Invalid parameter name '" + id + "' in pattern '" + pattern + "'");
  if (params[id]) throw new Error("Duplicate parameter name '" + id + "' in pattern '" + pattern + "'");
  params[id] = new $$UMFP.Param(id, type, config, location);
  return params[id];
}

function quoteRegExp(string, pattern, squash) {
  var surroundPattern = ['',''], result = string.replace(/[\\\[\]\^$*+?.()|{}]/g, "\\$&");
  if (!pattern) return result;
  switch(squash) {
    case false: surroundPattern = ['(', ')'];   break;
    case true:  surroundPattern = ['?(', ')?']; break;
    default:    surroundPattern = ['(' + squash + "|", ')?'];  break;
  }
  return result + surroundPattern[0] + pattern + surroundPattern[1];
}

this.source = pattern;

// Split into static segments separated by path parameter placeholders.
// The number of segments is always 1 more than the number of parameters.
function matchDetails(m, isSearch) {
  var id, regexp, segment, type, cfg, arrayMode;
  id          = m[2] || m[3]; // IE[78] returns '' for unmatched groups instead of null
  cfg         = config.params[id];
  segment     = pattern.substring(last, m.index);
  regexp      = isSearch ? m[4] : m[4] || (m[1] == '*' ? '.*' : null);
  type        = $$UMFP.type(regexp || "string") || inherit($$UMFP.type("string"), { pattern: new RegExp(regexp) });
  return {
    id: id, regexp: regexp, segment: segment, type: type, cfg: cfg
  };
}

var p, param, segment;
while ((m = placeholder.exec(pattern))) {
  p = matchDetails(m, false);
  if (p.segment.indexOf('?') >= 0) break; // we're into the search part

  param = addParameter(p.id, p.type, p.cfg, "path");
  compiled += quoteRegExp(p.segment, param.type.pattern.source, param.squash);
  segments.push(p.segment);
  last = placeholder.lastIndex;
}
segment = pattern.substring(last);

// Find any search parameter names and remove them from the last segment
var i = segment.indexOf('?');

if (i >= 0) {
  var search = this.sourceSearch = segment.substring(i);
  segment = segment.substring(0, i);
  this.sourcePath = pattern.substring(0, last + i);

  if (search.length > 0) {
    last = 0;
    while ((m = searchPlaceholder.exec(search))) {
      p = matchDetails(m, true);
      param = addParameter(p.id, p.type, p.cfg, "search");
      last = placeholder.lastIndex;
      // check if ?&
    }
  }
} else {
  this.sourcePath = pattern;
  this.sourceSearch = '';
}

compiled += quoteRegExp(segment) + (config.strict === false ? '\/?' : '') + '$';
segments.push(segment);

this.regexp = new RegExp(compiled, config.caseInsensitive ? 'i' : undefined);
this.prefix = segments[0];
this.$$paramNames = paramNames;

}

/**

* @ngdoc function
* @name ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher#concat
* @methodOf ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher
*
* @description
* Returns a new matcher for a pattern constructed by appending the path part and adding the
* search parameters of the specified pattern to this pattern. The current pattern is not
* modified. This can be understood as creating a pattern for URLs that are relative to (or
* suffixes of) the current pattern.
*
* @example
* The following two matchers are equivalent:
* <pre>
* new UrlMatcher('/user/{id}?q').concat('/details?date');
* new UrlMatcher('/user/{id}/details?q&date');
* </pre>
*
* @param {string} pattern  The pattern to append.
* @param {Object} config  An object hash of the configuration for the matcher.
* @returns {UrlMatcher}  A matcher for the concatenated pattern.
*/

UrlMatcher.prototype.concat = function (pattern, config) {

// Because order of search parameters is irrelevant, we can add our own search
// parameters to the end of the new pattern. Parse the new pattern by itself
// and then join the bits together, but it's much easier to do this on a string level.
var defaultConfig = {
  caseInsensitive: $$UMFP.caseInsensitive(),
  strict: $$UMFP.strictMode(),
  squash: $$UMFP.defaultSquashPolicy()
};
return new UrlMatcher(this.sourcePath + pattern + this.sourceSearch, extend(defaultConfig, config), this);

};

UrlMatcher.prototype.toString = function () {

return this.source;

};

/**

* @ngdoc function
* @name ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher#exec
* @methodOf ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher
*
* @description
* Tests the specified path against this matcher, and returns an object containing the captured
* parameter values, or null if the path does not match. The returned object contains the values
* of any search parameters that are mentioned in the pattern, but their value may be null if
* they are not present in `searchParams`. This means that search parameters are always treated
* as optional.
*
* @example
* <pre>
* new UrlMatcher('/user/{id}?q&r').exec('/user/bob', {
*   x: '1', q: 'hello'
* });
* // returns { id: 'bob', q: 'hello', r: null }
* </pre>
*
* @param {string} path  The URL path to match, e.g. `$location.path()`.
* @param {Object} searchParams  URL search parameters, e.g. `$location.search()`.
* @returns {Object}  The captured parameter values.
*/

UrlMatcher.prototype.exec = function (path, searchParams) {

var m = this.regexp.exec(path);
if (!m) return null;
searchParams = searchParams || {};

var paramNames = this.parameters(), nTotal = paramNames.length,
  nPath = this.segments.length - 1,
  values = {}, i, j, cfg, paramName;

if (nPath !== m.length - 1) throw new Error("Unbalanced capture group in route '" + this.source + "'");

function decodePathArray(string) {
  function reverseString(str) { return str.split("").reverse().join(""); }
  function unquoteDashes(str) { return str.replace(/\\-/, "-"); }

  var split = reverseString(string).split(/-(?!\\)/);
  var allReversed = map(split, reverseString);
  return map(allReversed, unquoteDashes).reverse();
}

for (i = 0; i < nPath; i++) {
  paramName = paramNames[i];
  var param = this.params[paramName];
  var paramVal = m[i+1];
  // if the param value matches a pre-replace pair, replace the value before decoding.
  for (j = 0; j < param.replace; j++) {
    if (param.replace[j].from === paramVal) paramVal = param.replace[j].to;
  }
  if (paramVal && param.array === true) paramVal = decodePathArray(paramVal);
  values[paramName] = param.value(paramVal);
}
for (/**/; i < nTotal; i++) {
  paramName = paramNames[i];
  values[paramName] = this.params[paramName].value(searchParams[paramName]);
}

return values;

};

/**

* @ngdoc function
* @name ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher#parameters
* @methodOf ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher
*
* @description
* Returns the names of all path and search parameters of this pattern in an unspecified order.
* 
* @returns {Array.<string>}  An array of parameter names. Must be treated as read-only. If the
*    pattern has no parameters, an empty array is returned.
*/

UrlMatcher.prototype.parameters = function (param) {

if (!isDefined(param)) return this.$$paramNames;
return this.params[param] || null;

};

/**

* @ngdoc function
* @name ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher#validate
* @methodOf ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher
*
* @description
* Checks an object hash of parameters to validate their correctness according to the parameter
* types of this `UrlMatcher`.
*
* @param {Object} params The object hash of parameters to validate.
* @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `params` validates, otherwise `false`.
*/

UrlMatcher.prototype.validates = function (params) {

return this.params.$$validates(params);

};

/**

* @ngdoc function
* @name ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher#format
* @methodOf ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher
*
* @description
* Creates a URL that matches this pattern by substituting the specified values
* for the path and search parameters. Null values for path parameters are
* treated as empty strings.
*
* @example
* <pre>
* new UrlMatcher('/user/{id}?q').format({ id:'bob', q:'yes' });
* // returns '/user/bob?q=yes'
* </pre>
*
* @param {Object} values  the values to substitute for the parameters in this pattern.
* @returns {string}  the formatted URL (path and optionally search part).
*/

UrlMatcher.prototype.format = function (values) {

values = values || {};
var segments = this.segments, params = this.parameters(), paramset = this.params;
if (!this.validates(values)) return null;

var i, search = false, nPath = segments.length - 1, nTotal = params.length, result = segments[0];

function encodeDashes(str) { // Replace dashes with encoded "\-"
  return encodeURIComponent(str).replace(/-/g, function(c) { return '%5C%' + c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16).toUpperCase(); });
}

for (i = 0; i < nTotal; i++) {
  var isPathParam = i < nPath;
  var name = params[i], param = paramset[name], value = param.value(values[name]);
  var isDefaultValue = param.isOptional && param.type.equals(param.value(), value);
  var squash = isDefaultValue ? param.squash : false;
  var encoded = param.type.encode(value);

  if (isPathParam) {
    var nextSegment = segments[i + 1];
    if (squash === false) {
      if (encoded != null) {
        if (isArray(encoded)) {
          result += map(encoded, encodeDashes).join("-");
        } else {
          result += encodeURIComponent(encoded);
        }
      }
      result += nextSegment;
    } else if (squash === true) {
      var capture = result.match(/\/$/) ? /\/?(.*)/ : /(.*)/;
      result += nextSegment.match(capture)[1];
    } else if (isString(squash)) {
      result += squash + nextSegment;
    }
  } else {
    if (encoded == null || (isDefaultValue && squash !== false)) continue;
    if (!isArray(encoded)) encoded = [ encoded ];
    encoded = map(encoded, encodeURIComponent).join('&' + name + '=');
    result += (search ? '&' : '?') + (name + '=' + encoded);
    search = true;
  }
}

return result;

};

/**

* @ngdoc object
* @name ui.router.util.type:Type
*
* @description
* Implements an interface to define custom parameter types that can be decoded from and encoded to
* string parameters matched in a URL. Used by {@link ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher `UrlMatcher`}
* objects when matching or formatting URLs, or comparing or validating parameter values.
*
* See {@link ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactory#methods_type `$urlMatcherFactory#type()`} for more
* information on registering custom types.
*
* @param {Object} config  A configuration object which contains the custom type definition.  The object's
*        properties will override the default methods and/or pattern in `Type`'s public interface.
* @example
* <pre>
* {
*   decode: function(val) { return parseInt(val, 10); },
*   encode: function(val) { return val && val.toString(); },
*   equals: function(a, b) { return this.is(a) && a === b; },
*   is: function(val) { return angular.isNumber(val) isFinite(val) && val % 1 === 0; },
*   pattern: /\d+/
* }
* </pre>
*
* @property {RegExp} pattern The regular expression pattern used to match values of this type when
*           coming from a substring of a URL.
*
* @returns {Object}  Returns a new `Type` object.
*/

function Type(config) {

extend(this, config);

}

/**

* @ngdoc function
* @name ui.router.util.type:Type#is
* @methodOf ui.router.util.type:Type
*
* @description
* Detects whether a value is of a particular type. Accepts a native (decoded) value
* and determines whether it matches the current `Type` object.
*
* @param {*} val  The value to check.
* @param {string} key  Optional. If the type check is happening in the context of a specific
*        {@link ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher `UrlMatcher`} object, this is the name of the
*        parameter in which `val` is stored. Can be used for meta-programming of `Type` objects.
* @returns {Boolean}  Returns `true` if the value matches the type, otherwise `false`.
*/

Type.prototype.is = function(val, key) {

return true;

};

/**

* @ngdoc function
* @name ui.router.util.type:Type#encode
* @methodOf ui.router.util.type:Type
*
* @description
* Encodes a custom/native type value to a string that can be embedded in a URL. Note that the
* return value does *not* need to be URL-safe (i.e. passed through `encodeURIComponent()`), it
* only needs to be a representation of `val` that has been coerced to a string.
*
* @param {*} val  The value to encode.
* @param {string} key  The name of the parameter in which `val` is stored. Can be used for
*        meta-programming of `Type` objects.
* @returns {string}  Returns a string representation of `val` that can be encoded in a URL.
*/

Type.prototype.encode = function(val, key) {

return val;

};

/**

* @ngdoc function
* @name ui.router.util.type:Type#decode
* @methodOf ui.router.util.type:Type
*
* @description
* Converts a parameter value (from URL string or transition param) to a custom/native value.
*
* @param {string} val  The URL parameter value to decode.
* @param {string} key  The name of the parameter in which `val` is stored. Can be used for
*        meta-programming of `Type` objects.
* @returns {*}  Returns a custom representation of the URL parameter value.
*/

Type.prototype.decode = function(val, key) {

return val;

};

/**

* @ngdoc function
* @name ui.router.util.type:Type#equals
* @methodOf ui.router.util.type:Type
*
* @description
* Determines whether two decoded values are equivalent.
*
* @param {*} a  A value to compare against.
* @param {*} b  A value to compare against.
* @returns {Boolean}  Returns `true` if the values are equivalent/equal, otherwise `false`.
*/

Type.prototype.equals = function(a, b) {

return a == b;

};

Type.prototype.$subPattern = function() {

var sub = this.pattern.toString();
return sub.substr(1, sub.length - 2);

};

Type.prototype.pattern = /.*/;

Type.prototype.toString = function() { return “{Type:” + this.name + “}”; };

/*

* Wraps an existing custom Type as an array of Type, depending on 'mode'.
* e.g.:
* - urlmatcher pattern "/path?{queryParam[]:int}"
* - url: "/path?queryParam=1&queryParam=2
* - $stateParams.queryParam will be [1, 2]
* if `mode` is "auto", then
* - url: "/path?queryParam=1 will create $stateParams.queryParam: 1
* - url: "/path?queryParam=1&queryParam=2 will create $stateParams.queryParam: [1, 2]
*/

Type.prototype.$asArray = function(mode, isSearch) {

if (!mode) return this;
if (mode === "auto" && !isSearch) throw new Error("'auto' array mode is for query parameters only");
return new ArrayType(this, mode);

function ArrayType(type, mode) {
  function bindTo(type, callbackName) {
    return function() {
      return type[callbackName].apply(type, arguments);
    };
  }

  // Wrap non-array value as array
  function arrayWrap(val) { return isArray(val) ? val : (isDefined(val) ? [ val ] : []); }
  // Unwrap array value for "auto" mode. Return undefined for empty array.
  function arrayUnwrap(val) {
    switch(val.length) {
      case 0: return undefined;
      case 1: return mode === "auto" ? val[0] : val;
      default: return val;
    }
  }
  function falsey(val) { return !val; }

  // Wraps type (.is/.encode/.decode) functions to operate on each value of an array
  function arrayHandler(callback, allTruthyMode) {
    return function handleArray(val) {
      val = arrayWrap(val);
      var result = map(val, callback);
      if (allTruthyMode === true)
        return filter(result, falsey).length === 0;
      return arrayUnwrap(result);
    };
  }

  // Wraps type (.equals) functions to operate on each value of an array
  function arrayEqualsHandler(callback) {
    return function handleArray(val1, val2) {
      var left = arrayWrap(val1), right = arrayWrap(val2);
      if (left.length !== right.length) return false;
      for (var i = 0; i < left.length; i++) {
        if (!callback(left[i], right[i])) return false;
      }
      return true;
    };
  }

  this.encode = arrayHandler(bindTo(type, 'encode'));
  this.decode = arrayHandler(bindTo(type, 'decode'));
  this.is     = arrayHandler(bindTo(type, 'is'), true);
  this.equals = arrayEqualsHandler(bindTo(type, 'equals'));
  this.pattern = type.pattern;
  this.$arrayMode = mode;
}

};

/**

* @ngdoc object
* @name ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactory
*
* @description
* Factory for {@link ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher `UrlMatcher`} instances. The factory
* is also available to providers under the name `$urlMatcherFactoryProvider`.
*/

function $UrlMatcherFactory() {

$$UMFP = this;

var isCaseInsensitive = false, isStrictMode = true, defaultSquashPolicy = false;

function valToString(val) { return val != null ? val.toString().replace(/\//g, "%2F") : val; }
function valFromString(val) { return val != null ? val.toString().replace(/%2F/g, "/") : val; }

// TODO: in 1.0, make string .is() return false if value is undefined by default. // function regexpMatches(val) { /*jshint validthis:true */ return isDefined(val) && this.pattern.test(val); }

function regexpMatches(val) { /*jshint validthis:true */ return this.pattern.test(val); }

var $types = {}, enqueue = true, typeQueue = [], injector, defaultTypes = {
  string: {
    encode: valToString,
    decode: valFromString,
    is: regexpMatches,
    pattern: /[^/]*/
  },
  int: {
    encode: valToString,
    decode: function(val) { return parseInt(val, 10); },
    is: function(val) { return isDefined(val) && this.decode(val.toString()) === val; },
    pattern: /\d+/
  },
  bool: {
    encode: function(val) { return val ? 1 : 0; },
    decode: function(val) { return parseInt(val, 10) !== 0; },
    is: function(val) { return val === true || val === false; },
    pattern: /0|1/
  },
  date: {
    encode: function (val) {
      if (!this.is(val))
        return undefined;
      return [ val.getFullYear(),
        ('0' + (val.getMonth() + 1)).slice(-2),
        ('0' + val.getDate()).slice(-2)
      ].join("-");
    },
    decode: function (val) {
      if (this.is(val)) return val;
      var match = this.capture.exec(val);
      return match ? new Date(match[1], match[2] - 1, match[3]) : undefined;
    },
    is: function(val) { return val instanceof Date && !isNaN(val.valueOf()); },
    equals: function (a, b) { return this.is(a) && this.is(b) && a.toISOString() === b.toISOString(); },
    pattern: /[0-9]{4}-(?:0[1-9]|1[0-2])-(?:0[1-9]|[1-2][0-9]|3[0-1])/,
    capture: /([0-9]{4})-(0[1-9]|1[0-2])-(0[1-9]|[1-2][0-9]|3[0-1])/
  },
  json: {
    encode: angular.toJson,
    decode: angular.fromJson,
    is: angular.isObject,
    equals: angular.equals,
    pattern: /[^/]*/
  },
  any: { // does not encode/decode
    encode: angular.identity,
    decode: angular.identity,
    is: angular.identity,
    equals: angular.equals,
    pattern: /.*/
  }
};

function getDefaultConfig() {
  return {
    strict: isStrictMode,
    caseInsensitive: isCaseInsensitive
  };
}

function isInjectable(value) {
  return (isFunction(value) || (isArray(value) && isFunction(value[value.length - 1])));
}

/**
 * [Internal] Get the default value of a parameter, which may be an injectable function.
 */
$UrlMatcherFactory.$$getDefaultValue = function(config) {
  if (!isInjectable(config.value)) return config.value;
  if (!injector) throw new Error("Injectable functions cannot be called at configuration time");
  return injector.invoke(config.value);
};

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactory#caseInsensitive
 * @methodOf ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactory
 *
 * @description
 * Defines whether URL matching should be case sensitive (the default behavior), or not.
 *
 * @param {boolean} value `false` to match URL in a case sensitive manner; otherwise `true`;
 * @returns {boolean} the current value of caseInsensitive
 */
this.caseInsensitive = function(value) {
  if (isDefined(value))
    isCaseInsensitive = value;
  return isCaseInsensitive;
};

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactory#strictMode
 * @methodOf ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactory
 *
 * @description
 * Defines whether URLs should match trailing slashes, or not (the default behavior).
 *
 * @param {boolean=} value `false` to match trailing slashes in URLs, otherwise `true`.
 * @returns {boolean} the current value of strictMode
 */
this.strictMode = function(value) {
  if (isDefined(value))
    isStrictMode = value;
  return isStrictMode;
};

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactory#defaultSquashPolicy
 * @methodOf ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactory
 *
 * @description
 * Sets the default behavior when generating or matching URLs with default parameter values.
 *
 * @param {string} value A string that defines the default parameter URL squashing behavior.
 *    `nosquash`: When generating an href with a default parameter value, do not squash the parameter value from the URL
 *    `slash`: When generating an href with a default parameter value, squash (remove) the parameter value, and, if the
 *             parameter is surrounded by slashes, squash (remove) one slash from the URL
 *    any other string, e.g. "~": When generating an href with a default parameter value, squash (remove)
 *             the parameter value from the URL and replace it with this string.
 */
this.defaultSquashPolicy = function(value) {
  if (!isDefined(value)) return defaultSquashPolicy;
  if (value !== true && value !== false && !isString(value))
    throw new Error("Invalid squash policy: " + value + ". Valid policies: false, true, arbitrary-string");
  defaultSquashPolicy = value;
  return value;
};

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactory#compile
 * @methodOf ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactory
 *
 * @description
 * Creates a {@link ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher `UrlMatcher`} for the specified pattern.
 *
 * @param {string} pattern  The URL pattern.
 * @param {Object} config  The config object hash.
 * @returns {UrlMatcher}  The UrlMatcher.
 */
this.compile = function (pattern, config) {
  return new UrlMatcher(pattern, extend(getDefaultConfig(), config));
};

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactory#isMatcher
 * @methodOf ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactory
 *
 * @description
 * Returns true if the specified object is a `UrlMatcher`, or false otherwise.
 *
 * @param {Object} object  The object to perform the type check against.
 * @returns {Boolean}  Returns `true` if the object matches the `UrlMatcher` interface, by
 *          implementing all the same methods.
 */
this.isMatcher = function (o) {
  if (!isObject(o)) return false;
  var result = true;

  forEach(UrlMatcher.prototype, function(val, name) {
    if (isFunction(val)) {
      result = result && (isDefined(o[name]) && isFunction(o[name]));
    }
  });
  return result;
};

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactory#type
 * @methodOf ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactory
 *
 * @description
 * Registers a custom {@link ui.router.util.type:Type `Type`} object that can be used to
 * generate URLs with typed parameters.
 *
 * @param {string} name  The type name.
 * @param {Object|Function} definition   The type definition. See
 *        {@link ui.router.util.type:Type `Type`} for information on the values accepted.
 * @param {Object|Function} definitionFn (optional) A function that is injected before the app
 *        runtime starts.  The result of this function is merged into the existing `definition`.
 *        See {@link ui.router.util.type:Type `Type`} for information on the values accepted.
 *
 * @returns {Object}  Returns `$urlMatcherFactoryProvider`.
 *
 * @example
 * This is a simple example of a custom type that encodes and decodes items from an
 * array, using the array index as the URL-encoded value:
 *
 * <pre>
 * var list = ['John', 'Paul', 'George', 'Ringo'];
 *
 * $urlMatcherFactoryProvider.type('listItem', {
 *   encode: function(item) {
 *     // Represent the list item in the URL using its corresponding index
 *     return list.indexOf(item);
 *   },
 *   decode: function(item) {
 *     // Look up the list item by index
 *     return list[parseInt(item, 10)];
 *   },
 *   is: function(item) {
 *     // Ensure the item is valid by checking to see that it appears
 *     // in the list
 *     return list.indexOf(item) > -1;
 *   }
 * });
 *
 * $stateProvider.state('list', {
 *   url: "/list/{item:listItem}",
 *   controller: function($scope, $stateParams) {
 *     console.log($stateParams.item);
 *   }
 * });
 *
 * // ...
 *
 * // Changes URL to '/list/3', logs "Ringo" to the console
 * $state.go('list', { item: "Ringo" });
 * </pre>
 *
 * This is a more complex example of a type that relies on dependency injection to
 * interact with services, and uses the parameter name from the URL to infer how to
 * handle encoding and decoding parameter values:
 *
 * <pre>
 * // Defines a custom type that gets a value from a service,
 * // where each service gets different types of values from
 * // a backend API:
 * $urlMatcherFactoryProvider.type('dbObject', {}, function(Users, Posts) {
 *
 *   // Matches up services to URL parameter names
 *   var services = {
 *     user: Users,
 *     post: Posts
 *   };
 *
 *   return {
 *     encode: function(object) {
 *       // Represent the object in the URL using its unique ID
 *       return object.id;
 *     },
 *     decode: function(value, key) {
 *       // Look up the object by ID, using the parameter
 *       // name (key) to call the correct service
 *       return services[key].findById(value);
 *     },
 *     is: function(object, key) {
 *       // Check that object is a valid dbObject
 *       return angular.isObject(object) && object.id && services[key];
 *     }
 *     equals: function(a, b) {
 *       // Check the equality of decoded objects by comparing
 *       // their unique IDs
 *       return a.id === b.id;
 *     }
 *   };
 * });
 *
 * // In a config() block, you can then attach URLs with
 * // type-annotated parameters:
 * $stateProvider.state('users', {
 *   url: "/users",
 *   // ...
 * }).state('users.item', {
 *   url: "/{user:dbObject}",
 *   controller: function($scope, $stateParams) {
 *     // $stateParams.user will now be an object returned from
 *     // the Users service
 *   },
 *   // ...
 * });
 * </pre>
 */
this.type = function (name, definition, definitionFn) {
  if (!isDefined(definition)) return $types[name];
  if ($types.hasOwnProperty(name)) throw new Error("A type named '" + name + "' has already been defined.");

  $types[name] = new Type(extend({ name: name }, definition));
  if (definitionFn) {
    typeQueue.push({ name: name, def: definitionFn });
    if (!enqueue) flushTypeQueue();
  }
  return this;
};

// `flushTypeQueue()` waits until `$urlMatcherFactory` is injected before invoking the queued `definitionFn`s
function flushTypeQueue() {
  while(typeQueue.length) {
    var type = typeQueue.shift();
    if (type.pattern) throw new Error("You cannot override a type's .pattern at runtime.");
    angular.extend($types[type.name], injector.invoke(type.def));
  }
}

// Register default types. Store them in the prototype of $types.
forEach(defaultTypes, function(type, name) { $types[name] = new Type(extend({name: name}, type)); });
$types = inherit($types, {});

/* No need to document $get, since it returns this */
this.$get = ['$injector', function ($injector) {
  injector = $injector;
  enqueue = false;
  flushTypeQueue();

  forEach(defaultTypes, function(type, name) {
    if (!$types[name]) $types[name] = new Type(type);
  });
  return this;
}];

this.Param = function Param(id, type, config, location) {
  var self = this;
  config = unwrapShorthand(config);
  type = getType(config, type, location);
  var arrayMode = getArrayMode();
  type = arrayMode ? type.$asArray(arrayMode, location === "search") : type;
  if (type.name === "string" && !arrayMode && location === "path" && config.value === undefined)
    config.value = ""; // for 0.2.x; in 0.3.0+ do not automatically default to ""
  var isOptional = config.value !== undefined;
  var squash = getSquashPolicy(config, isOptional);
  var replace = getReplace(config, arrayMode, isOptional, squash);

  function unwrapShorthand(config) {
    var keys = isObject(config) ? objectKeys(config) : [];
    var isShorthand = indexOf(keys, "value") === -1 && indexOf(keys, "type") === -1 &&
                      indexOf(keys, "squash") === -1 && indexOf(keys, "array") === -1;
    if (isShorthand) config = { value: config };
    config.$$fn = isInjectable(config.value) ? config.value : function () { return config.value; };
    return config;
  }

  function getType(config, urlType, location) {
    if (config.type && urlType) throw new Error("Param '"+id+"' has two type configurations.");
    if (urlType) return urlType;
    if (!config.type) return (location === "config" ? $types.any : $types.string);
    return config.type instanceof Type ? config.type : new Type(config.type);
  }

  // array config: param name (param[]) overrides default settings.  explicit config overrides param name.
  function getArrayMode() {
    var arrayDefaults = { array: (location === "search" ? "auto" : false) };
    var arrayParamNomenclature = id.match(/\[\]$/) ? { array: true } : {};
    return extend(arrayDefaults, arrayParamNomenclature, config).array;
  }

  /**
   * returns false, true, or the squash value to indicate the "default parameter url squash policy".
   */
  function getSquashPolicy(config, isOptional) {
    var squash = config.squash;
    if (!isOptional || squash === false) return false;
    if (!isDefined(squash) || squash == null) return defaultSquashPolicy;
    if (squash === true || isString(squash)) return squash;
    throw new Error("Invalid squash policy: '" + squash + "'. Valid policies: false, true, or arbitrary string");
  }

  function getReplace(config, arrayMode, isOptional, squash) {
    var replace, configuredKeys, defaultPolicy = [
      { from: "",   to: (isOptional || arrayMode ? undefined : "") },
      { from: null, to: (isOptional || arrayMode ? undefined : "") }
    ];
    replace = isArray(config.replace) ? config.replace : [];
    if (isString(squash))
      replace.push({ from: squash, to: undefined });
    configuredKeys = map(replace, function(item) { return item.from; } );
    return filter(defaultPolicy, function(item) { return indexOf(configuredKeys, item.from) === -1; }).concat(replace);
  }

  /**
   * [Internal] Get the default value of a parameter, which may be an injectable function.
   */
  function $$getDefaultValue() {
    if (!injector) throw new Error("Injectable functions cannot be called at configuration time");
    return injector.invoke(config.$$fn);
  }

  /**
   * [Internal] Gets the decoded representation of a value if the value is defined, otherwise, returns the
   * default value, which may be the result of an injectable function.
   */
  function $value(value) {
    function hasReplaceVal(val) { return function(obj) { return obj.from === val; }; }
    function $replace(value) {
      var replacement = map(filter(self.replace, hasReplaceVal(value)), function(obj) { return obj.to; });
      return replacement.length ? replacement[0] : value;
    }
    value = $replace(value);
    return isDefined(value) ? self.type.decode(value) : $$getDefaultValue();
  }

  function toString() { return "{Param:" + id + " " + type + " squash: '" + squash + "' optional: " + isOptional + "}"; }

  extend(this, {
    id: id,
    type: type,
    location: location,
    array: arrayMode,
    squash: squash,
    replace: replace,
    isOptional: isOptional,
    value: $value,
    dynamic: undefined,
    config: config,
    toString: toString
  });
};

function ParamSet(params) {
  extend(this, params || {});
}

ParamSet.prototype = {
  $$new: function() {
    return inherit(this, extend(new ParamSet(), { $$parent: this}));
  },
  $$keys: function () {
    var keys = [], chain = [], parent = this,
      ignore = objectKeys(ParamSet.prototype);
    while (parent) { chain.push(parent); parent = parent.$$parent; }
    chain.reverse();
    forEach(chain, function(paramset) {
      forEach(objectKeys(paramset), function(key) {
          if (indexOf(keys, key) === -1 && indexOf(ignore, key) === -1) keys.push(key);
      });
    });
    return keys;
  },
  $$values: function(paramValues) {
    var values = {}, self = this;
    forEach(self.$$keys(), function(key) {
      values[key] = self[key].value(paramValues && paramValues[key]);
    });
    return values;
  },
  $$equals: function(paramValues1, paramValues2) {
    var equal = true, self = this;
    forEach(self.$$keys(), function(key) {
      var left = paramValues1 && paramValues1[key], right = paramValues2 && paramValues2[key];
      if (!self[key].type.equals(left, right)) equal = false;
    });
    return equal;
  },
  $$validates: function $$validate(paramValues) {
    var result = true, isOptional, val, param, self = this;

    forEach(this.$$keys(), function(key) {
      param = self[key];
      val = paramValues[key];
      isOptional = !val && param.isOptional;
      result = result && (isOptional || !!param.type.is(val));
    });
    return result;
  },
  $$parent: undefined
};

this.ParamSet = ParamSet;

}

// Register as a provider so it’s available to other providers angular.module(‘ui.router.util’).provider(‘$urlMatcherFactory’, $UrlMatcherFactory); angular.module(‘ui.router.util’).run([‘$urlMatcherFactory’, function($urlMatcherFactory) { }]);

/**

* @ngdoc object
* @name ui.router.router.$urlRouterProvider
*
* @requires ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactoryProvider
* @requires $locationProvider
*
* @description
* `$urlRouterProvider` has the responsibility of watching `$location`. 
* When `$location` changes it runs through a list of rules one by one until a 
* match is found. `$urlRouterProvider` is used behind the scenes anytime you specify 
* a url in a state configuration. All urls are compiled into a UrlMatcher object.
*
* There are several methods on `$urlRouterProvider` that make it useful to use directly
* in your module config.
*/

$UrlRouterProvider.$inject = [‘$locationProvider’, ‘$urlMatcherFactoryProvider’]; function $UrlRouterProvider( $locationProvider, $urlMatcherFactory) {

var rules = [], otherwise = null, interceptDeferred = false, listener;

// Returns a string that is a prefix of all strings matching the RegExp
function regExpPrefix(re) {
  var prefix = /^\^((?:\\[^a-zA-Z0-9]|[^\\\[\]\^$*+?.()|{}]+)*)/.exec(re.source);
  return (prefix != null) ? prefix[1].replace(/\\(.)/g, "$1") : '';
}

// Interpolates matched values into a String.replace()-style pattern
function interpolate(pattern, match) {
  return pattern.replace(/\$(\$|\d{1,2})/, function (m, what) {
    return match[what === '$' ? 0 : Number(what)];
  });
}

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.router.$urlRouterProvider#rule
 * @methodOf ui.router.router.$urlRouterProvider
 *
 * @description
 * Defines rules that are used by `$urlRouterProvider` to find matches for
 * specific URLs.
 *
 * @example
 * <pre>
 * var app = angular.module('app', ['ui.router.router']);
 *
 * app.config(function ($urlRouterProvider) {
 *   // Here's an example of how you might allow case insensitive urls
 *   $urlRouterProvider.rule(function ($injector, $location) {
 *     var path = $location.path(),
 *         normalized = path.toLowerCase();
 *
 *     if (path !== normalized) {
 *       return normalized;
 *     }
 *   });
 * });
 * </pre>
 *
 * @param {object} rule Handler function that takes `$injector` and `$location`
 * services as arguments. You can use them to return a valid path as a string.
 *
 * @return {object} `$urlRouterProvider` - `$urlRouterProvider` instance
 */
this.rule = function (rule) {
  if (!isFunction(rule)) throw new Error("'rule' must be a function");
  rules.push(rule);
  return this;
};

/**
 * @ngdoc object
 * @name ui.router.router.$urlRouterProvider#otherwise
 * @methodOf ui.router.router.$urlRouterProvider
 *
 * @description
 * Defines a path that is used when an invalid route is requested.
 *
 * @example
 * <pre>
 * var app = angular.module('app', ['ui.router.router']);
 *
 * app.config(function ($urlRouterProvider) {
 *   // if the path doesn't match any of the urls you configured
 *   // otherwise will take care of routing the user to the
 *   // specified url
 *   $urlRouterProvider.otherwise('/index');
 *
 *   // Example of using function rule as param
 *   $urlRouterProvider.otherwise(function ($injector, $location) {
 *     return '/a/valid/url';
 *   });
 * });
 * </pre>
 *
 * @param {string|object} rule The url path you want to redirect to or a function 
 * rule that returns the url path. The function version is passed two params: 
 * `$injector` and `$location` services, and must return a url string.
 *
 * @return {object} `$urlRouterProvider` - `$urlRouterProvider` instance
 */
this.otherwise = function (rule) {
  if (isString(rule)) {
    var redirect = rule;
    rule = function () { return redirect; };
  }
  else if (!isFunction(rule)) throw new Error("'rule' must be a function");
  otherwise = rule;
  return this;
};

function handleIfMatch($injector, handler, match) {
  if (!match) return false;
  var result = $injector.invoke(handler, handler, { $match: match });
  return isDefined(result) ? result : true;
}

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.router.$urlRouterProvider#when
 * @methodOf ui.router.router.$urlRouterProvider
 *
 * @description
 * Registers a handler for a given url matching. if handle is a string, it is
 * treated as a redirect, and is interpolated according to the syntax of match
 * (i.e. like `String.replace()` for `RegExp`, or like a `UrlMatcher` pattern otherwise).
 *
 * If the handler is a function, it is injectable. It gets invoked if `$location`
 * matches. You have the option of inject the match object as `$match`.
 *
 * The handler can return
 *
 * - **falsy** to indicate that the rule didn't match after all, then `$urlRouter`
 *   will continue trying to find another one that matches.
 * - **string** which is treated as a redirect and passed to `$location.url()`
 * - **void** or any **truthy** value tells `$urlRouter` that the url was handled.
 *
 * @example
 * <pre>
 * var app = angular.module('app', ['ui.router.router']);
 *
 * app.config(function ($urlRouterProvider) {
 *   $urlRouterProvider.when($state.url, function ($match, $stateParams) {
 *     if ($state.$current.navigable !== state ||
 *         !equalForKeys($match, $stateParams) {
 *      $state.transitionTo(state, $match, false);
 *     }
 *   });
 * });
 * </pre>
 *
 * @param {string|object} what The incoming path that you want to redirect.
 * @param {string|object} handler The path you want to redirect your user to.
 */
this.when = function (what, handler) {
  var redirect, handlerIsString = isString(handler);
  if (isString(what)) what = $urlMatcherFactory.compile(what);

  if (!handlerIsString && !isFunction(handler) && !isArray(handler))
    throw new Error("invalid 'handler' in when()");

  var strategies = {
    matcher: function (what, handler) {
      if (handlerIsString) {
        redirect = $urlMatcherFactory.compile(handler);
        handler = ['$match', function ($match) { return redirect.format($match); }];
      }
      return extend(function ($injector, $location) {
        return handleIfMatch($injector, handler, what.exec($location.path(), $location.search()));
      }, {
        prefix: isString(what.prefix) ? what.prefix : ''
      });
    },
    regex: function (what, handler) {
      if (what.global || what.sticky) throw new Error("when() RegExp must not be global or sticky");

      if (handlerIsString) {
        redirect = handler;
        handler = ['$match', function ($match) { return interpolate(redirect, $match); }];
      }
      return extend(function ($injector, $location) {
        return handleIfMatch($injector, handler, what.exec($location.path()));
      }, {
        prefix: regExpPrefix(what)
      });
    }
  };

  var check = { matcher: $urlMatcherFactory.isMatcher(what), regex: what instanceof RegExp };

  for (var n in check) {
    if (check[n]) return this.rule(strategies[n](what, handler));
  }

  throw new Error("invalid 'what' in when()");
};

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.router.$urlRouterProvider#deferIntercept
 * @methodOf ui.router.router.$urlRouterProvider
 *
 * @description
 * Disables (or enables) deferring location change interception.
 *
 * If you wish to customize the behavior of syncing the URL (for example, if you wish to
 * defer a transition but maintain the current URL), call this method at configuration time.
 * Then, at run time, call `$urlRouter.listen()` after you have configured your own
 * `$locationChangeSuccess` event handler.
 *
 * @example
 * <pre>
 * var app = angular.module('app', ['ui.router.router']);
 *
 * app.config(function ($urlRouterProvider) {
 *
 *   // Prevent $urlRouter from automatically intercepting URL changes;
 *   // this allows you to configure custom behavior in between
 *   // location changes and route synchronization:
 *   $urlRouterProvider.deferIntercept();
 *
 * }).run(function ($rootScope, $urlRouter, UserService) {
 *
 *   $rootScope.$on('$locationChangeSuccess', function(e) {
 *     // UserService is an example service for managing user state
 *     if (UserService.isLoggedIn()) return;
 *
 *     // Prevent $urlRouter's default handler from firing
 *     e.preventDefault();
 *
 *     UserService.handleLogin().then(function() {
 *       // Once the user has logged in, sync the current URL
 *       // to the router:
 *       $urlRouter.sync();
 *     });
 *   });
 *
 *   // Configures $urlRouter's listener *after* your custom listener
 *   $urlRouter.listen();
 * });
 * </pre>
 *
 * @param {boolean} defer Indicates whether to defer location change interception. Passing
          no parameter is equivalent to `true`.
 */
this.deferIntercept = function (defer) {
  if (defer === undefined) defer = true;
  interceptDeferred = defer;
};

/**
 * @ngdoc object
 * @name ui.router.router.$urlRouter
 *
 * @requires $location
 * @requires $rootScope
 * @requires $injector
 * @requires $browser
 *
 * @description
 *
 */
this.$get = $get;
$get.$inject = ['$location', '$rootScope', '$injector', '$browser'];
function $get(   $location,   $rootScope,   $injector,   $browser) {

  var baseHref = $browser.baseHref(), location = $location.url(), lastPushedUrl;

  function appendBasePath(url, isHtml5, absolute) {
    if (baseHref === '/') return url;
    if (isHtml5) return baseHref.slice(0, -1) + url;
    if (absolute) return baseHref.slice(1) + url;
    return url;
  }

  // TODO: Optimize groups of rules with non-empty prefix into some sort of decision tree
  function update(evt) {
    if (evt && evt.defaultPrevented) return;
    var ignoreUpdate = lastPushedUrl && $location.url() === lastPushedUrl;
    lastPushedUrl = undefined;
    if (ignoreUpdate) return true;

    function check(rule) {
      var handled = rule($injector, $location);

      if (!handled) return false;
      if (isString(handled)) $location.replace().url(handled);
      return true;
    }
    var n = rules.length, i;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      if (check(rules[i])) return;
    }
    // always check otherwise last to allow dynamic updates to the set of rules
    if (otherwise) check(otherwise);
  }

  function listen() {
    listener = listener || $rootScope.$on('$locationChangeSuccess', update);
    return listener;
  }

  if (!interceptDeferred) listen();

  return {
    /**
     * @ngdoc function
     * @name ui.router.router.$urlRouter#sync
     * @methodOf ui.router.router.$urlRouter
     *
     * @description
     * Triggers an update; the same update that happens when the address bar url changes, aka `$locationChangeSuccess`.
     * This method is useful when you need to use `preventDefault()` on the `$locationChangeSuccess` event,
     * perform some custom logic (route protection, auth, config, redirection, etc) and then finally proceed
     * with the transition by calling `$urlRouter.sync()`.
     *
     * @example
     * <pre>
     * angular.module('app', ['ui.router'])
     *   .run(function($rootScope, $urlRouter) {
     *     $rootScope.$on('$locationChangeSuccess', function(evt) {
     *       // Halt state change from even starting
     *       evt.preventDefault();
     *       // Perform custom logic
     *       var meetsRequirement = ...
     *       // Continue with the update and state transition if logic allows
     *       if (meetsRequirement) $urlRouter.sync();
     *     });
     * });
     * </pre>
     */
    sync: function() {
      update();
    },

    listen: function() {
      return listen();
    },

    update: function(read) {
      if (read) {
        location = $location.url();
        return;
      }
      if ($location.url() === location) return;

      $location.url(location);
      $location.replace();
    },

    push: function(urlMatcher, params, options) {
      $location.url(urlMatcher.format(params || {}));
      lastPushedUrl = options && options.$$avoidResync ? $location.url() : undefined;
      if (options && options.replace) $location.replace();
    },

    /**
     * @ngdoc function
     * @name ui.router.router.$urlRouter#href
     * @methodOf ui.router.router.$urlRouter
     *
     * @description
     * A URL generation method that returns the compiled URL for a given
     * {@link ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher `UrlMatcher`}, populated with the provided parameters.
     *
     * @example
     * <pre>
     * $bob = $urlRouter.href(new UrlMatcher("/about/:person"), {
     *   person: "bob"
     * });
     * // $bob == "/about/bob";
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param {UrlMatcher} urlMatcher The `UrlMatcher` object which is used as the template of the URL to generate.
     * @param {object=} params An object of parameter values to fill the matcher's required parameters.
     * @param {object=} options Options object. The options are:
     *
     * - **`absolute`** - {boolean=false},  If true will generate an absolute url, e.g. "http://www.example.com/fullurl".
     *
     * @returns {string} Returns the fully compiled URL, or `null` if `params` fail validation against `urlMatcher`
     */
    href: function(urlMatcher, params, options) {
      if (!urlMatcher.validates(params)) return null;

      var isHtml5 = $locationProvider.html5Mode();
      if (angular.isObject(isHtml5)) {
        isHtml5 = isHtml5.enabled;
      }

      var url = urlMatcher.format(params);
      options = options || {};

      if (!isHtml5 && url !== null) {
        url = "#" + $locationProvider.hashPrefix() + url;
      }
      url = appendBasePath(url, isHtml5, options.absolute);

      if (!options.absolute || !url) {
        return url;
      }

      var slash = (!isHtml5 && url ? '/' : ''), port = $location.port();
      port = (port === 80 || port === 443 ? '' : ':' + port);

      return [$location.protocol(), '://', $location.host(), port, slash, url].join('');
    }
  };
}

}

angular.module(‘ui.router.router’).provider(‘$urlRouter’, $UrlRouterProvider);

/**

* @ngdoc object
* @name ui.router.state.$stateProvider
*
* @requires ui.router.router.$urlRouterProvider
* @requires ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactoryProvider
*
* @description
* The new `$stateProvider` works similar to Angular's v1 router, but it focuses purely
* on state.
*
* A state corresponds to a "place" in the application in terms of the overall UI and
* navigation. A state describes (via the controller / template / view properties) what
* the UI looks like and does at that place.
*
* States often have things in common, and the primary way of factoring out these
* commonalities in this model is via the state hierarchy, i.e. parent/child states aka
* nested states.
*
* The `$stateProvider` provides interfaces to declare these states for your app.
*/

$StateProvider.$inject = [‘$urlRouterProvider’, ‘$urlMatcherFactoryProvider’]; function $StateProvider( $urlRouterProvider, $urlMatcherFactory) {

var root, states = {}, $state, queue = {}, abstractKey = 'abstract';

// Builds state properties from definition passed to registerState()
var stateBuilder = {

  // Derive parent state from a hierarchical name only if 'parent' is not explicitly defined.
  // state.children = [];
  // if (parent) parent.children.push(state);
  parent: function(state) {
    if (isDefined(state.parent) && state.parent) return findState(state.parent);
    // regex matches any valid composite state name
    // would match "contact.list" but not "contacts"
    var compositeName = /^(.+)\.[^.]+$/.exec(state.name);
    return compositeName ? findState(compositeName[1]) : root;
  },

  // inherit 'data' from parent and override by own values (if any)
  data: function(state) {
    if (state.parent && state.parent.data) {
      state.data = state.self.data = extend({}, state.parent.data, state.data);
    }
    return state.data;
  },

  // Build a URLMatcher if necessary, either via a relative or absolute URL
  url: function(state) {
    var url = state.url, config = { params: state.params || {} };

    if (isString(url)) {
      if (url.charAt(0) == '^') return $urlMatcherFactory.compile(url.substring(1), config);
      return (state.parent.navigable || root).url.concat(url, config);
    }

    if (!url || $urlMatcherFactory.isMatcher(url)) return url;
    throw new Error("Invalid url '" + url + "' in state '" + state + "'");
  },

  // Keep track of the closest ancestor state that has a URL (i.e. is navigable)
  navigable: function(state) {
    return state.url ? state : (state.parent ? state.parent.navigable : null);
  },

  // Own parameters for this state. state.url.params is already built at this point. Create and add non-url params
  ownParams: function(state) {
    var params = state.url && state.url.params || new $$UMFP.ParamSet();
    forEach(state.params || {}, function(config, id) {
      if (!params[id]) params[id] = new $$UMFP.Param(id, null, config, "config");
    });
    return params;
  },

  // Derive parameters for this state and ensure they're a super-set of parent's parameters
  params: function(state) {
    return state.parent && state.parent.params ? extend(state.parent.params.$$new(), state.ownParams) : new $$UMFP.ParamSet();
  },

  // If there is no explicit multi-view configuration, make one up so we don't have
  // to handle both cases in the view directive later. Note that having an explicit
  // 'views' property will mean the default unnamed view properties are ignored. This
  // is also a good time to resolve view names to absolute names, so everything is a
  // straight lookup at link time.
  views: function(state) {
    var views = {};

    forEach(isDefined(state.views) ? state.views : { '': state }, function (view, name) {
      if (name.indexOf('@') < 0) name += '@' + state.parent.name;
      views[name] = view;
    });
    return views;
  },

  // Keep a full path from the root down to this state as this is needed for state activation.
  path: function(state) {
    return state.parent ? state.parent.path.concat(state) : []; // exclude root from path
  },

  // Speed up $state.contains() as it's used a lot
  includes: function(state) {
    var includes = state.parent ? extend({}, state.parent.includes) : {};
    includes[state.name] = true;
    return includes;
  },

  $delegates: {}
};

function isRelative(stateName) {
  return stateName.indexOf(".") === 0 || stateName.indexOf("^") === 0;
}

function findState(stateOrName, base) {
  if (!stateOrName) return undefined;

  var isStr = isString(stateOrName),
      name  = isStr ? stateOrName : stateOrName.name,
      path  = isRelative(name);

  if (path) {
    if (!base) throw new Error("No reference point given for path '"  + name + "'");
    base = findState(base);

    var rel = name.split("."), i = 0, pathLength = rel.length, current = base;

    for (; i < pathLength; i++) {
      if (rel[i] === "" && i === 0) {
        current = base;
        continue;
      }
      if (rel[i] === "^") {
        if (!current.parent) throw new Error("Path '" + name + "' not valid for state '" + base.name + "'");
        current = current.parent;
        continue;
      }
      break;
    }
    rel = rel.slice(i).join(".");
    name = current.name + (current.name && rel ? "." : "") + rel;
  }
  var state = states[name];

  if (state && (isStr || (!isStr && (state === stateOrName || state.self === stateOrName)))) {
    return state;
  }
  return undefined;
}

function queueState(parentName, state) {
  if (!queue[parentName]) {
    queue[parentName] = [];
  }
  queue[parentName].push(state);
}

function flushQueuedChildren(parentName) {
  var queued = queue[parentName] || [];
  while(queued.length) {
    registerState(queued.shift());
  }
}

function registerState(state) {
  // Wrap a new object around the state so we can store our private details easily.
  state = inherit(state, {
    self: state,
    resolve: state.resolve || {},
    toString: function() { return this.name; }
  });

  var name = state.name;
  if (!isString(name) || name.indexOf('@') >= 0) throw new Error("State must have a valid name");
  if (states.hasOwnProperty(name)) throw new Error("State '" + name + "'' is already defined");

  // Get parent name
  var parentName = (name.indexOf('.') !== -1) ? name.substring(0, name.lastIndexOf('.'))
      : (isString(state.parent)) ? state.parent
      : (isObject(state.parent) && isString(state.parent.name)) ? state.parent.name
      : '';

  // If parent is not registered yet, add state to queue and register later
  if (parentName && !states[parentName]) {
    return queueState(parentName, state.self);
  }

  for (var key in stateBuilder) {
    if (isFunction(stateBuilder[key])) state[key] = stateBuilder[key](state, stateBuilder.$delegates[key]);
  }
  states[name] = state;

  // Register the state in the global state list and with $urlRouter if necessary.
  if (!state[abstractKey] && state.url) {
    $urlRouterProvider.when(state.url, ['$match', '$stateParams', function ($match, $stateParams) {
      if ($state.$current.navigable != state || !equalForKeys($match, $stateParams)) {
        $state.transitionTo(state, $match, { inherit: true, location: false });
      }
    }]);
  }

  // Register any queued children
  flushQueuedChildren(name);

  return state;
}

// Checks text to see if it looks like a glob.
function isGlob (text) {
  return text.indexOf('*') > -1;
}

// Returns true if glob matches current $state name.
function doesStateMatchGlob (glob) {
  var globSegments = glob.split('.'),
      segments = $state.$current.name.split('.');

  //match greedy starts
  if (globSegments[0] === '**') {
     segments = segments.slice(indexOf(segments, globSegments[1]));
     segments.unshift('**');
  }
  //match greedy ends
  if (globSegments[globSegments.length - 1] === '**') {
     segments.splice(indexOf(segments, globSegments[globSegments.length - 2]) + 1, Number.MAX_VALUE);
     segments.push('**');
  }

  if (globSegments.length != segments.length) {
    return false;
  }

  //match single stars
  for (var i = 0, l = globSegments.length; i < l; i++) {
    if (globSegments[i] === '*') {
      segments[i] = '*';
    }
  }

  return segments.join('') === globSegments.join('');
}

// Implicit root state that is always active
root = registerState({
  name: '',
  url: '^',
  views: null,
  'abstract': true
});
root.navigable = null;

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.state.$stateProvider#decorator
 * @methodOf ui.router.state.$stateProvider
 *
 * @description
 * Allows you to extend (carefully) or override (at your own peril) the 
 * `stateBuilder` object used internally by `$stateProvider`. This can be used 
 * to add custom functionality to ui-router, for example inferring templateUrl 
 * based on the state name.
 *
 * When passing only a name, it returns the current (original or decorated) builder
 * function that matches `name`.
 *
 * The builder functions that can be decorated are listed below. Though not all
 * necessarily have a good use case for decoration, that is up to you to decide.
 *
 * In addition, users can attach custom decorators, which will generate new 
 * properties within the state's internal definition. There is currently no clear 
 * use-case for this beyond accessing internal states (i.e. $state.$current), 
 * however, expect this to become increasingly relevant as we introduce additional 
 * meta-programming features.
 *
 * **Warning**: Decorators should not be interdependent because the order of 
 * execution of the builder functions in non-deterministic. Builder functions 
 * should only be dependent on the state definition object and super function.
 *
 *
 * Existing builder functions and current return values:
 *
 * - **parent** `{object}` - returns the parent state object.
 * - **data** `{object}` - returns state data, including any inherited data that is not
 *   overridden by own values (if any).
 * - **url** `{object}` - returns a {@link ui.router.util.type:UrlMatcher UrlMatcher}
 *   or `null`.
 * - **navigable** `{object}` - returns closest ancestor state that has a URL (aka is 
 *   navigable).
 * - **params** `{object}` - returns an array of state params that are ensured to 
 *   be a super-set of parent's params.
 * - **views** `{object}` - returns a views object where each key is an absolute view 
 *   name (i.e. "viewName@stateName") and each value is the config object 
 *   (template, controller) for the view. Even when you don't use the views object 
 *   explicitly on a state config, one is still created for you internally.
 *   So by decorating this builder function you have access to decorating template 
 *   and controller properties.
 * - **ownParams** `{object}` - returns an array of params that belong to the state, 
 *   not including any params defined by ancestor states.
 * - **path** `{string}` - returns the full path from the root down to this state. 
 *   Needed for state activation.
 * - **includes** `{object}` - returns an object that includes every state that 
 *   would pass a `$state.includes()` test.
 *
 * @example
 * <pre>
 * // Override the internal 'views' builder with a function that takes the state
 * // definition, and a reference to the internal function being overridden:
 * $stateProvider.decorator('views', function (state, parent) {
 *   var result = {},
 *       views = parent(state);
 *
 *   angular.forEach(views, function (config, name) {
 *     var autoName = (state.name + '.' + name).replace('.', '/');
 *     config.templateUrl = config.templateUrl || '/partials/' + autoName + '.html';
 *     result[name] = config;
 *   });
 *   return result;
 * });
 *
 * $stateProvider.state('home', {
 *   views: {
 *     'contact.list': { controller: 'ListController' },
 *     'contact.item': { controller: 'ItemController' }
 *   }
 * });
 *
 * // ...
 *
 * $state.go('home');
 * // Auto-populates list and item views with /partials/home/contact/list.html,
 * // and /partials/home/contact/item.html, respectively.
 * </pre>
 *
 * @param {string} name The name of the builder function to decorate. 
 * @param {object} func A function that is responsible for decorating the original 
 * builder function. The function receives two parameters:
 *
 *   - `{object}` - state - The state config object.
 *   - `{object}` - super - The original builder function.
 *
 * @return {object} $stateProvider - $stateProvider instance
 */
this.decorator = decorator;
function decorator(name, func) {
  /*jshint validthis: true */
  if (isString(name) && !isDefined(func)) {
    return stateBuilder[name];
  }
  if (!isFunction(func) || !isString(name)) {
    return this;
  }
  if (stateBuilder[name] && !stateBuilder.$delegates[name]) {
    stateBuilder.$delegates[name] = stateBuilder[name];
  }
  stateBuilder[name] = func;
  return this;
}

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.state.$stateProvider#state
 * @methodOf ui.router.state.$stateProvider
 *
 * @description
 * Registers a state configuration under a given state name. The stateConfig object
 * has the following acceptable properties.
 *
 * @param {string} name A unique state name, e.g. "home", "about", "contacts".
 * To create a parent/child state use a dot, e.g. "about.sales", "home.newest".
 * @param {object} stateConfig State configuration object.
 * @param {string|function=} stateConfig.template
 * <a id='template'></a>
 *   html template as a string or a function that returns
 *   an html template as a string which should be used by the uiView directives. This property 
 *   takes precedence over templateUrl.
 *   
 *   If `template` is a function, it will be called with the following parameters:
 *
 *   - {array.&lt;object&gt;} - state parameters extracted from the current $location.path() by
 *     applying the current state
 *
 * <pre>template:
 *   "<h1>inline template definition</h1>" +
 *   "<div ui-view></div>"</pre>
 * <pre>template: function(params) {
 *       return "<h1>generated template</h1>"; }</pre>
 * </div>
 *
 * @param {string|function=} stateConfig.templateUrl
 * <a id='templateUrl'></a>
 *
 *   path or function that returns a path to an html
 *   template that should be used by uiView.
 *   
 *   If `templateUrl` is a function, it will be called with the following parameters:
 *
 *   - {array.&lt;object&gt;} - state parameters extracted from the current $location.path() by 
 *     applying the current state
 *
 * <pre>templateUrl: "home.html"</pre>
 * <pre>templateUrl: function(params) {
 *     return myTemplates[params.pageId]; }</pre>
 *
 * @param {function=} stateConfig.templateProvider
 * <a id='templateProvider'></a>
 *    Provider function that returns HTML content string.
 * <pre> templateProvider:
 *       function(MyTemplateService, params) {
 *         return MyTemplateService.getTemplate(params.pageId);
 *       }</pre>
 *
 * @param {string|function=} stateConfig.controller
 * <a id='controller'></a>
 *
 *  Controller fn that should be associated with newly
 *   related scope or the name of a registered controller if passed as a string.
 *   Optionally, the ControllerAs may be declared here.
 * <pre>controller: "MyRegisteredController"</pre>
 * <pre>controller:
 *     "MyRegisteredController as fooCtrl"}</pre>
 * <pre>controller: function($scope, MyService) {
 *     $scope.data = MyService.getData(); }</pre>
 *
 * @param {function=} stateConfig.controllerProvider
 * <a id='controllerProvider'></a>
 *
 * Injectable provider function that returns the actual controller or string.
 * <pre>controllerProvider:
 *   function(MyResolveData) {
 *     if (MyResolveData.foo)
 *       return "FooCtrl"
 *     else if (MyResolveData.bar)
 *       return "BarCtrl";
 *     else return function($scope) {
 *       $scope.baz = "Qux";
 *     }
 *   }</pre>
 *
 * @param {string=} stateConfig.controllerAs
 * <a id='controllerAs'></a>
 * 
 * A controller alias name. If present the controller will be
 *   published to scope under the controllerAs name.
 * <pre>controllerAs: "myCtrl"</pre>
 *
 * @param {object=} stateConfig.resolve
 * <a id='resolve'></a>
 *
 * An optional map&lt;string, function&gt; of dependencies which
 *   should be injected into the controller. If any of these dependencies are promises, 
 *   the router will wait for them all to be resolved before the controller is instantiated.
 *   If all the promises are resolved successfully, the $stateChangeSuccess event is fired
 *   and the values of the resolved promises are injected into any controllers that reference them.
 *   If any  of the promises are rejected the $stateChangeError event is fired.
 *
 *   The map object is:
 *   
 *   - key - {string}: name of dependency to be injected into controller
 *   - factory - {string|function}: If string then it is alias for service. Otherwise if function, 
 *     it is injected and return value it treated as dependency. If result is a promise, it is 
 *     resolved before its value is injected into controller.
 *
 * <pre>resolve: {
 *     myResolve1:
 *       function($http, $stateParams) {
 *         return $http.get("/api/foos/"+stateParams.fooID);
 *       }
 *     }</pre>
 *
 * @param {string=} stateConfig.url
 * <a id='url'></a>
 *
 *   A url fragment with optional parameters. When a state is navigated or
 *   transitioned to, the `$stateParams` service will be populated with any 
 *   parameters that were passed.
 *
 * examples:
 * <pre>url: "/home"
 * url: "/users/:userid"
 * url: "/books/{bookid:[a-zA-Z_-]}"
 * url: "/books/{categoryid:int}"
 * url: "/books/{publishername:string}/{categoryid:int}"
 * url: "/messages?before&after"
 * url: "/messages?{before:date}&{after:date}"</pre>
 * url: "/messages/:mailboxid?{before:date}&{after:date}"
 *
 * @param {object=} stateConfig.views
 * <a id='views'></a>
 * an optional map&lt;string, object&gt; which defined multiple views, or targets views
 * manually/explicitly.
 *
 * Examples:
 *
 * Targets three named `ui-view`s in the parent state's template
 * <pre>views: {
 *     header: {
 *       controller: "headerCtrl",
 *       templateUrl: "header.html"
 *     }, body: {
 *       controller: "bodyCtrl",
 *       templateUrl: "body.html"
 *     }, footer: {
 *       controller: "footCtrl",
 *       templateUrl: "footer.html"
 *     }
 *   }</pre>
 *
 * Targets named `ui-view="header"` from grandparent state 'top''s template, and named `ui-view="body" from parent state's template.
 * <pre>views: {
 *     'header@top': {
 *       controller: "msgHeaderCtrl",
 *       templateUrl: "msgHeader.html"
 *     }, 'body': {
 *       controller: "messagesCtrl",
 *       templateUrl: "messages.html"
 *     }
 *   }</pre>
 *
 * @param {boolean=} [stateConfig.abstract=false]
 * <a id='abstract'></a>
 * An abstract state will never be directly activated,
 *   but can provide inherited properties to its common children states.
 * <pre>abstract: true</pre>
 *
 * @param {function=} stateConfig.onEnter
 * <a id='onEnter'></a>
 *
 * Callback function for when a state is entered. Good way
 *   to trigger an action or dispatch an event, such as opening a dialog.
 * If minifying your scripts, make sure to explictly annotate this function,
 * because it won't be automatically annotated by your build tools.
 *
 * <pre>onEnter: function(MyService, $stateParams) {
 *     MyService.foo($stateParams.myParam);
 * }</pre>
 *
 * @param {function=} stateConfig.onExit
 * <a id='onExit'></a>
 *
 * Callback function for when a state is exited. Good way to
 *   trigger an action or dispatch an event, such as opening a dialog.
 * If minifying your scripts, make sure to explictly annotate this function,
 * because it won't be automatically annotated by your build tools.
 *
 * <pre>onExit: function(MyService, $stateParams) {
 *     MyService.cleanup($stateParams.myParam);
 * }</pre>
 *
 * @param {boolean=} [stateConfig.reloadOnSearch=true]
 * <a id='reloadOnSearch'></a>
 *
 * If `false`, will not retrigger the same state
 *   just because a search/query parameter has changed (via $location.search() or $location.hash()). 
 *   Useful for when you'd like to modify $location.search() without triggering a reload.
 * <pre>reloadOnSearch: false</pre>
 *
 * @param {object=} stateConfig.data
 * <a id='data'></a>
 *
 * Arbitrary data object, useful for custom configuration.  The parent state's `data` is
 *   prototypally inherited.  In other words, adding a data property to a state adds it to
 *   the entire subtree via prototypal inheritance.
 *
 * <pre>data: {
 *     requiredRole: 'foo'
 * } </pre>
 *
 * @param {object=} stateConfig.params
 * <a id='params'></a>
 *
 * A map which optionally configures parameters declared in the `url`, or
 *   defines additional non-url parameters.  For each parameter being
 *   configured, add a configuration object keyed to the name of the parameter.
 *
 *   Each parameter configuration object may contain the following properties:
 *
 *   - ** value ** - {object|function=}: specifies the default value for this
 *     parameter.  This implicitly sets this parameter as optional.
 *
 *     When UI-Router routes to a state and no value is
 *     specified for this parameter in the URL or transition, the
 *     default value will be used instead.  If `value` is a function,
 *     it will be injected and invoked, and the return value used.
 *
 *     *Note*: `undefined` is treated as "no default value" while `null`
 *     is treated as "the default value is `null`".
 *
 *     *Shorthand*: If you only need to configure the default value of the
 *     parameter, you may use a shorthand syntax.   In the **`params`**
 *     map, instead mapping the param name to a full parameter configuration
 *     object, simply set map it to the default parameter value, e.g.:
 *
 * <pre>// define a parameter's default value
 * params: {
 *     param1: { value: "defaultValue" }
 * }
 * // shorthand default values
 * params: {
 *     param1: "defaultValue",
 *     param2: "param2Default"
 * }</pre>
 *
 *   - ** array ** - {boolean=}: *(default: false)* If true, the param value will be
 *     treated as an array of values.  If you specified a Type, the value will be
 *     treated as an array of the specified Type.  Note: query parameter values
 *     default to a special `"auto"` mode.
 *
 *     For query parameters in `"auto"` mode, if multiple  values for a single parameter
 *     are present in the URL (e.g.: `/foo?bar=1&bar=2&bar=3`) then the values
 *     are mapped to an array (e.g.: `{ foo: [ '1', '2', '3' ] }`).  However, if
 *     only one value is present (e.g.: `/foo?bar=1`) then the value is treated as single
 *     value (e.g.: `{ foo: '1' }`).
 *
 * <pre>params: {
 *     param1: { array: true }
 * }</pre>
 *
 *   - ** squash ** - {bool|string=}: `squash` configures how a default parameter value is represented in the URL when
 *     the current parameter value is the same as the default value. If `squash` is not set, it uses the
 *     configured default squash policy.
 *     (See {@link ui.router.util.$urlMatcherFactory#methods_defaultSquashPolicy `defaultSquashPolicy()`})
 *
 *   There are three squash settings:
 *
 *     - false: The parameter's default value is not squashed.  It is encoded and included in the URL
 *     - true: The parameter's default value is omitted from the URL.  If the parameter is preceeded and followed
 *       by slashes in the state's `url` declaration, then one of those slashes are omitted.
 *       This can allow for cleaner looking URLs.
 *     - `"<arbitrary string>"`: The parameter's default value is replaced with an arbitrary placeholder of  your choice.
 *
 * <pre>params: {
 *     param1: {
 *       value: "defaultId",
 *       squash: true
 * } }
 * // squash "defaultValue" to "~"
 * params: {
 *     param1: {
 *       value: "defaultValue",
 *       squash: "~"
 * } }
 * </pre>
 *
 *
 * @example
 * <pre>
 * // Some state name examples
 *
 * // stateName can be a single top-level name (must be unique).
 * $stateProvider.state("home", {});
 *
 * // Or it can be a nested state name. This state is a child of the
 * // above "home" state.
 * $stateProvider.state("home.newest", {});
 *
 * // Nest states as deeply as needed.
 * $stateProvider.state("home.newest.abc.xyz.inception", {});
 *
 * // state() returns $stateProvider, so you can chain state declarations.
 * $stateProvider
 *   .state("home", {})
 *   .state("about", {})
 *   .state("contacts", {});
 * </pre>
 *
 */
this.state = state;
function state(name, definition) {
  /*jshint validthis: true */
  if (isObject(name)) definition = name;
  else definition.name = name;
  registerState(definition);
  return this;
}

/**
 * @ngdoc object
 * @name ui.router.state.$state
 *
 * @requires $rootScope
 * @requires $q
 * @requires ui.router.state.$view
 * @requires $injector
 * @requires ui.router.util.$resolve
 * @requires ui.router.state.$stateParams
 * @requires ui.router.router.$urlRouter
 *
 * @property {object} params A param object, e.g. {sectionId: section.id)}, that 
 * you'd like to test against the current active state.
 * @property {object} current A reference to the state's config object. However 
 * you passed it in. Useful for accessing custom data.
 * @property {object} transition Currently pending transition. A promise that'll 
 * resolve or reject.
 *
 * @description
 * `$state` service is responsible for representing states as well as transitioning
 * between them. It also provides interfaces to ask for current state or even states
 * you're coming from.
 */
this.$get = $get;
$get.$inject = ['$rootScope', '$q', '$view', '$injector', '$resolve', '$stateParams', '$urlRouter', '$location', '$urlMatcherFactory'];
function $get(   $rootScope,   $q,   $view,   $injector,   $resolve,   $stateParams,   $urlRouter,   $location,   $urlMatcherFactory) {

  var TransitionSuperseded = $q.reject(new Error('transition superseded'));
  var TransitionPrevented = $q.reject(new Error('transition prevented'));
  var TransitionAborted = $q.reject(new Error('transition aborted'));
  var TransitionFailed = $q.reject(new Error('transition failed'));

  // Handles the case where a state which is the target of a transition is not found, and the user
  // can optionally retry or defer the transition
  function handleRedirect(redirect, state, params, options) {
    /**
     * @ngdoc event
     * @name ui.router.state.$state#$stateNotFound
     * @eventOf ui.router.state.$state
     * @eventType broadcast on root scope
     * @description
     * Fired when a requested state **cannot be found** using the provided state name during transition.
     * The event is broadcast allowing any handlers a single chance to deal with the error (usually by
     * lazy-loading the unfound state). A special `unfoundState` object is passed to the listener handler,
     * you can see its three properties in the example. You can use `event.preventDefault()` to abort the
     * transition and the promise returned from `go` will be rejected with a `'transition aborted'` value.
     *
     * @param {Object} event Event object.
     * @param {Object} unfoundState Unfound State information. Contains: `to, toParams, options` properties.
     * @param {State} fromState Current state object.
     * @param {Object} fromParams Current state params.
     *
     * @example
     *
     * <pre>
     * // somewhere, assume lazy.state has not been defined
     * $state.go("lazy.state", {a:1, b:2}, {inherit:false});
     *
     * // somewhere else
     * $scope.$on('$stateNotFound',
     * function(event, unfoundState, fromState, fromParams){
     *     console.log(unfoundState.to); // "lazy.state"
     *     console.log(unfoundState.toParams); // {a:1, b:2}
     *     console.log(unfoundState.options); // {inherit:false} + default options
     * })
     * </pre>
     */
    var evt = $rootScope.$broadcast('$stateNotFound', redirect, state, params);

    if (evt.defaultPrevented) {
      $urlRouter.update();
      return TransitionAborted;
    }

    if (!evt.retry) {
      return null;
    }

    // Allow the handler to return a promise to defer state lookup retry
    if (options.$retry) {
      $urlRouter.update();
      return TransitionFailed;
    }
    var retryTransition = $state.transition = $q.when(evt.retry);

    retryTransition.then(function() {
      if (retryTransition !== $state.transition) return TransitionSuperseded;
      redirect.options.$retry = true;
      return $state.transitionTo(redirect.to, redirect.toParams, redirect.options);
    }, function() {
      return TransitionAborted;
    });
    $urlRouter.update();

    return retryTransition;
  }

  root.locals = { resolve: null, globals: { $stateParams: {} } };

  $state = {
    params: {},
    current: root.self,
    $current: root,
    transition: null
  };

  /**
   * @ngdoc function
   * @name ui.router.state.$state#reload
   * @methodOf ui.router.state.$state
   *
   * @description
   * A method that force reloads the current state. All resolves are re-resolved, events are not re-fired, 
   * and controllers reinstantiated (bug with controllers reinstantiating right now, fixing soon).
   *
   * @example
   * <pre>
   * var app angular.module('app', ['ui.router']);
   *
   * app.controller('ctrl', function ($scope, $state) {
   *   $scope.reload = function(){
   *     $state.reload();
   *   }
   * });
   * </pre>
   *
   * `reload()` is just an alias for:
   * <pre>
   * $state.transitionTo($state.current, $stateParams, { 
   *   reload: true, inherit: false, notify: true
   * });
   * </pre>
   *
   * @returns {promise} A promise representing the state of the new transition. See
   * {@link ui.router.state.$state#methods_go $state.go}.
   */
  $state.reload = function reload() {
    return $state.transitionTo($state.current, $stateParams, { reload: true, inherit: false, notify: true });
  };

  /**
   * @ngdoc function
   * @name ui.router.state.$state#go
   * @methodOf ui.router.state.$state
   *
   * @description
   * Convenience method for transitioning to a new state. `$state.go` calls 
   * `$state.transitionTo` internally but automatically sets options to 
   * `{ location: true, inherit: true, relative: $state.$current, notify: true }`. 
   * This allows you to easily use an absolute or relative to path and specify 
   * only the parameters you'd like to update (while letting unspecified parameters 
   * inherit from the currently active ancestor states).
   *
   * @example
   * <pre>
   * var app = angular.module('app', ['ui.router']);
   *
   * app.controller('ctrl', function ($scope, $state) {
   *   $scope.changeState = function () {
   *     $state.go('contact.detail');
   *   };
   * });
   * </pre>
   * <img src='../ngdoc_assets/StateGoExamples.png'/>
   *
   * @param {string} to Absolute state name or relative state path. Some examples:
   *
   * - `$state.go('contact.detail')` - will go to the `contact.detail` state
   * - `$state.go('^')` - will go to a parent state
   * - `$state.go('^.sibling')` - will go to a sibling state
   * - `$state.go('.child.grandchild')` - will go to grandchild state
   *
   * @param {object=} params A map of the parameters that will be sent to the state, 
   * will populate $stateParams. Any parameters that are not specified will be inherited from currently 
   * defined parameters. This allows, for example, going to a sibling state that shares parameters
   * specified in a parent state. Parameter inheritance only works between common ancestor states, I.e.
   * transitioning to a sibling will get you the parameters for all parents, transitioning to a child
   * will get you all current parameters, etc.
   * @param {object=} options Options object. The options are:
   *
   * - **`location`** - {boolean=true|string=} - If `true` will update the url in the location bar, if `false`
   *    will not. If string, must be `"replace"`, which will update url and also replace last history record.
   * - **`inherit`** - {boolean=true}, If `true` will inherit url parameters from current url.
   * - **`relative`** - {object=$state.$current}, When transitioning with relative path (e.g '^'), 
   *    defines which state to be relative from.
   * - **`notify`** - {boolean=true}, If `true` will broadcast $stateChangeStart and $stateChangeSuccess events.
   * - **`reload`** (v0.2.5) - {boolean=false}, If `true` will force transition even if the state or params 
   *    have not changed, aka a reload of the same state. It differs from reloadOnSearch because you'd
   *    use this when you want to force a reload when *everything* is the same, including search params.
   *
   * @returns {promise} A promise representing the state of the new transition.
   *
   * Possible success values:
   *
   * - $state.current
   *
   * <br/>Possible rejection values:
   *
   * - 'transition superseded' - when a newer transition has been started after this one
   * - 'transition prevented' - when `event.preventDefault()` has been called in a `$stateChangeStart` listener
   * - 'transition aborted' - when `event.preventDefault()` has been called in a `$stateNotFound` listener or
   *   when a `$stateNotFound` `event.retry` promise errors.
   * - 'transition failed' - when a state has been unsuccessfully found after 2 tries.
   * - *resolve error* - when an error has occurred with a `resolve`
   *
   */
  $state.go = function go(to, params, options) {
    return $state.transitionTo(to, params, extend({ inherit: true, relative: $state.$current }, options));
  };

  /**
   * @ngdoc function
   * @name ui.router.state.$state#transitionTo
   * @methodOf ui.router.state.$state
   *
   * @description
   * Low-level method for transitioning to a new state. {@link ui.router.state.$state#methods_go $state.go}
   * uses `transitionTo` internally. `$state.go` is recommended in most situations.
   *
   * @example
   * <pre>
   * var app = angular.module('app', ['ui.router']);
   *
   * app.controller('ctrl', function ($scope, $state) {
   *   $scope.changeState = function () {
   *     $state.transitionTo('contact.detail');
   *   };
   * });
   * </pre>
   *
   * @param {string} to State name.
   * @param {object=} toParams A map of the parameters that will be sent to the state,
   * will populate $stateParams.
   * @param {object=} options Options object. The options are:
   *
   * - **`location`** - {boolean=true|string=} - If `true` will update the url in the location bar, if `false`
   *    will not. If string, must be `"replace"`, which will update url and also replace last history record.
   * - **`inherit`** - {boolean=false}, If `true` will inherit url parameters from current url.
   * - **`relative`** - {object=}, When transitioning with relative path (e.g '^'), 
   *    defines which state to be relative from.
   * - **`notify`** - {boolean=true}, If `true` will broadcast $stateChangeStart and $stateChangeSuccess events.
   * - **`reload`** (v0.2.5) - {boolean=false}, If `true` will force transition even if the state or params 
   *    have not changed, aka a reload of the same state. It differs from reloadOnSearch because you'd
   *    use this when you want to force a reload when *everything* is the same, including search params.
   *
   * @returns {promise} A promise representing the state of the new transition. See
   * {@link ui.router.state.$state#methods_go $state.go}.
   */
  $state.transitionTo = function transitionTo(to, toParams, options) {
    toParams = toParams || {};
    options = extend({
      location: true, inherit: false, relative: null, notify: true, reload: false, $retry: false
    }, options || {});

    var from = $state.$current, fromParams = $state.params, fromPath = from.path;
    var evt, toState = findState(to, options.relative);

    if (!isDefined(toState)) {
      var redirect = { to: to, toParams: toParams, options: options };
      var redirectResult = handleRedirect(redirect, from.self, fromParams, options);

      if (redirectResult) {
        return redirectResult;
      }

      // Always retry once if the $stateNotFound was not prevented
      // (handles either redirect changed or state lazy-definition)
      to = redirect.to;
      toParams = redirect.toParams;
      options = redirect.options;
      toState = findState(to, options.relative);

      if (!isDefined(toState)) {
        if (!options.relative) throw new Error("No such state '" + to + "'");
        throw new Error("Could not resolve '" + to + "' from state '" + options.relative + "'");
      }
    }
    if (toState[abstractKey]) throw new Error("Cannot transition to abstract state '" + to + "'");
    if (options.inherit) toParams = inheritParams($stateParams, toParams || {}, $state.$current, toState);
    if (!toState.params.$$validates(toParams)) return TransitionFailed;

    toParams = toState.params.$$values(toParams);
    to = toState;

    var toPath = to.path;

    // Starting from the root of the path, keep all levels that haven't changed
    var keep = 0, state = toPath[keep], locals = root.locals, toLocals = [];

    if (!options.reload) {
      while (state && state === fromPath[keep] && state.ownParams.$$equals(toParams, fromParams)) {
        locals = toLocals[keep] = state.locals;
        keep++;
        state = toPath[keep];
      }
    }

    // If we're going to the same state and all locals are kept, we've got nothing to do.
    // But clear 'transition', as we still want to cancel any other pending transitions.
    // TODO: We may not want to bump 'transition' if we're called from a location change
    // that we've initiated ourselves, because we might accidentally abort a legitimate
    // transition initiated from code?
    if (shouldTriggerReload(to, from, locals, options)) {
      if (to.self.reloadOnSearch !== false) $urlRouter.update();
      $state.transition = null;
      return $q.when($state.current);
    }

    // Filter parameters before we pass them to event handlers etc.
    toParams = filterByKeys(to.params.$$keys(), toParams || {});

    // Broadcast start event and cancel the transition if requested
    if (options.notify) {
      /**
       * @ngdoc event
       * @name ui.router.state.$state#$stateChangeStart
       * @eventOf ui.router.state.$state
       * @eventType broadcast on root scope
       * @description
       * Fired when the state transition **begins**. You can use `event.preventDefault()`
       * to prevent the transition from happening and then the transition promise will be
       * rejected with a `'transition prevented'` value.
       *
       * @param {Object} event Event object.
       * @param {State} toState The state being transitioned to.
       * @param {Object} toParams The params supplied to the `toState`.
       * @param {State} fromState The current state, pre-transition.
       * @param {Object} fromParams The params supplied to the `fromState`.
       *
       * @example
       *
       * <pre>
       * $rootScope.$on('$stateChangeStart',
       * function(event, toState, toParams, fromState, fromParams){
       *     event.preventDefault();
       *     // transitionTo() promise will be rejected with
       *     // a 'transition prevented' error
       * })
       * </pre>
       */
      if ($rootScope.$broadcast('$stateChangeStart', to.self, toParams, from.self, fromParams).defaultPrevented) {
        $urlRouter.update();
        return TransitionPrevented;
      }
    }

    // Resolve locals for the remaining states, but don't update any global state just
    // yet -- if anything fails to resolve the current state needs to remain untouched.
    // We also set up an inheritance chain for the locals here. This allows the view directive
    // to quickly look up the correct definition for each view in the current state. Even
    // though we create the locals object itself outside resolveState(), it is initially
    // empty and gets filled asynchronously. We need to keep track of the promise for the
    // (fully resolved) current locals, and pass this down the chain.
    var resolved = $q.when(locals);

    for (var l = keep; l < toPath.length; l++, state = toPath[l]) {
      locals = toLocals[l] = inherit(locals);
      resolved = resolveState(state, toParams, state === to, resolved, locals, options);
    }

    // Once everything is resolved, we are ready to perform the actual transition
    // and return a promise for the new state. We also keep track of what the
    // current promise is, so that we can detect overlapping transitions and
    // keep only the outcome of the last transition.
    var transition = $state.transition = resolved.then(function () {
      var l, entering, exiting;

      if ($state.transition !== transition) return TransitionSuperseded;

      // Exit 'from' states not kept
      for (l = fromPath.length - 1; l >= keep; l--) {
        exiting = fromPath[l];
        if (exiting.self.onExit) {
          $injector.invoke(exiting.self.onExit, exiting.self, exiting.locals.globals);
        }
        exiting.locals = null;
      }

      // Enter 'to' states not kept
      for (l = keep; l < toPath.length; l++) {
        entering = toPath[l];
        entering.locals = toLocals[l];
        if (entering.self.onEnter) {
          $injector.invoke(entering.self.onEnter, entering.self, entering.locals.globals);
        }
      }

      // Run it again, to catch any transitions in callbacks
      if ($state.transition !== transition) return TransitionSuperseded;

      // Update globals in $state
      $state.$current = to;
      $state.current = to.self;
      $state.params = toParams;
      copy($state.params, $stateParams);
      $state.transition = null;

      if (options.location && to.navigable) {
        $urlRouter.push(to.navigable.url, to.navigable.locals.globals.$stateParams, {
          $$avoidResync: true, replace: options.location === 'replace'
        });
      }

      if (options.notify) {
      /**
       * @ngdoc event
       * @name ui.router.state.$state#$stateChangeSuccess
       * @eventOf ui.router.state.$state
       * @eventType broadcast on root scope
       * @description
       * Fired once the state transition is **complete**.
       *
       * @param {Object} event Event object.
       * @param {State} toState The state being transitioned to.
       * @param {Object} toParams The params supplied to the `toState`.
       * @param {State} fromState The current state, pre-transition.
       * @param {Object} fromParams The params supplied to the `fromState`.
       */
        $rootScope.$broadcast('$stateChangeSuccess', to.self, toParams, from.self, fromParams);
      }
      $urlRouter.update(true);

      return $state.current;
    }, function (error) {
      if ($state.transition !== transition) return TransitionSuperseded;

      $state.transition = null;
      /**
       * @ngdoc event
       * @name ui.router.state.$state#$stateChangeError
       * @eventOf ui.router.state.$state
       * @eventType broadcast on root scope
       * @description
       * Fired when an **error occurs** during transition. It's important to note that if you
       * have any errors in your resolve functions (javascript errors, non-existent services, etc)
       * they will not throw traditionally. You must listen for this $stateChangeError event to
       * catch **ALL** errors.
       *
       * @param {Object} event Event object.
       * @param {State} toState The state being transitioned to.
       * @param {Object} toParams The params supplied to the `toState`.
       * @param {State} fromState The current state, pre-transition.
       * @param {Object} fromParams The params supplied to the `fromState`.
       * @param {Error} error The resolve error object.
       */
      evt = $rootScope.$broadcast('$stateChangeError', to.self, toParams, from.self, fromParams, error);

      if (!evt.defaultPrevented) {
          $urlRouter.update();
      }

      return $q.reject(error);
    });

    return transition;
  };

  /**
   * @ngdoc function
   * @name ui.router.state.$state#is
   * @methodOf ui.router.state.$state
   *
   * @description
   * Similar to {@link ui.router.state.$state#methods_includes $state.includes},
   * but only checks for the full state name. If params is supplied then it will be
   * tested for strict equality against the current active params object, so all params
   * must match with none missing and no extras.
   *
   * @example
   * <pre>
   * $state.$current.name = 'contacts.details.item';
   *
   * // absolute name
   * $state.is('contact.details.item'); // returns true
   * $state.is(contactDetailItemStateObject); // returns true
   *
   * // relative name (. and ^), typically from a template
   * // E.g. from the 'contacts.details' template
   * <div ng-class="{highlighted: $state.is('.item')}">Item</div>
   * </pre>
   *
   * @param {string|object} stateOrName The state name (absolute or relative) or state object you'd like to check.
   * @param {object=} params A param object, e.g. `{sectionId: section.id}`, that you'd like
   * to test against the current active state.
   * @param {object=} options An options object.  The options are:
   *
   * - **`relative`** - {string|object} -  If `stateOrName` is a relative state name and `options.relative` is set, .is will
   * test relative to `options.relative` state (or name).
   *
   * @returns {boolean} Returns true if it is the state.
   */
  $state.is = function is(stateOrName, params, options) {
    options = extend({ relative: $state.$current }, options || {});
    var state = findState(stateOrName, options.relative);

    if (!isDefined(state)) { return undefined; }
    if ($state.$current !== state) { return false; }
    return params ? equalForKeys(state.params.$$values(params), $stateParams) : true;
  };

  /**
   * @ngdoc function
   * @name ui.router.state.$state#includes
   * @methodOf ui.router.state.$state
   *
   * @description
   * A method to determine if the current active state is equal to or is the child of the
   * state stateName. If any params are passed then they will be tested for a match as well.
   * Not all the parameters need to be passed, just the ones you'd like to test for equality.
   *
   * @example
   * Partial and relative names
   * <pre>
   * $state.$current.name = 'contacts.details.item';
   *
   * // Using partial names
   * $state.includes("contacts"); // returns true
   * $state.includes("contacts.details"); // returns true
   * $state.includes("contacts.details.item"); // returns true
   * $state.includes("contacts.list"); // returns false
   * $state.includes("about"); // returns false
   *
   * // Using relative names (. and ^), typically from a template
   * // E.g. from the 'contacts.details' template
   * <div ng-class="{highlighted: $state.includes('.item')}">Item</div>
   * </pre>
   *
   * Basic globbing patterns
   * <pre>
   * $state.$current.name = 'contacts.details.item.url';
   *
   * $state.includes("*.details.*.*"); // returns true
   * $state.includes("*.details.**"); // returns true
   * $state.includes("**.item.**"); // returns true
   * $state.includes("*.details.item.url"); // returns true
   * $state.includes("*.details.*.url"); // returns true
   * $state.includes("*.details.*"); // returns false
   * $state.includes("item.**"); // returns false
   * </pre>
   *
   * @param {string} stateOrName A partial name, relative name, or glob pattern
   * to be searched for within the current state name.
   * @param {object=} params A param object, e.g. `{sectionId: section.id}`,
   * that you'd like to test against the current active state.
   * @param {object=} options An options object.  The options are:
   *
   * - **`relative`** - {string|object=} -  If `stateOrName` is a relative state reference and `options.relative` is set,
   * .includes will test relative to `options.relative` state (or name).
   *
   * @returns {boolean} Returns true if it does include the state
   */
  $state.includes = function includes(stateOrName, params, options) {
    options = extend({ relative: $state.$current }, options || {});
    if (isString(stateOrName) && isGlob(stateOrName)) {
      if (!doesStateMatchGlob(stateOrName)) {
        return false;
      }
      stateOrName = $state.$current.name;
    }

    var state = findState(stateOrName, options.relative);
    if (!isDefined(state)) { return undefined; }
    if (!isDefined($state.$current.includes[state.name])) { return false; }
    return params ? equalForKeys(state.params.$$values(params), $stateParams, objectKeys(params)) : true;
  };

  /**
   * @ngdoc function
   * @name ui.router.state.$state#href
   * @methodOf ui.router.state.$state
   *
   * @description
   * A url generation method that returns the compiled url for the given state populated with the given params.
   *
   * @example
   * <pre>
   * expect($state.href("about.person", { person: "bob" })).toEqual("/about/bob");
   * </pre>
   *
   * @param {string|object} stateOrName The state name or state object you'd like to generate a url from.
   * @param {object=} params An object of parameter values to fill the state's required parameters.
   * @param {object=} options Options object. The options are:
   *
   * - **`lossy`** - {boolean=true} -  If true, and if there is no url associated with the state provided in the
   *    first parameter, then the constructed href url will be built from the first navigable ancestor (aka
   *    ancestor with a valid url).
   * - **`inherit`** - {boolean=true}, If `true` will inherit url parameters from current url.
   * - **`relative`** - {object=$state.$current}, When transitioning with relative path (e.g '^'), 
   *    defines which state to be relative from.
   * - **`absolute`** - {boolean=false},  If true will generate an absolute url, e.g. "http://www.example.com/fullurl".
   * 
   * @returns {string} compiled state url
   */
  $state.href = function href(stateOrName, params, options) {
    options = extend({
      lossy:    true,
      inherit:  true,
      absolute: false,
      relative: $state.$current
    }, options || {});

    var state = findState(stateOrName, options.relative);

    if (!isDefined(state)) return null;
    if (options.inherit) params = inheritParams($stateParams, params || {}, $state.$current, state);

    var nav = (state && options.lossy) ? state.navigable : state;

    if (!nav || nav.url === undefined || nav.url === null) {
      return null;
    }
    return $urlRouter.href(nav.url, filterByKeys(state.params.$$keys(), params || {}), {
      absolute: options.absolute
    });
  };

  /**
   * @ngdoc function
   * @name ui.router.state.$state#get
   * @methodOf ui.router.state.$state
   *
   * @description
   * Returns the state configuration object for any specific state or all states.
   *
   * @param {string|object=} stateOrName (absolute or relative) If provided, will only get the config for
   * the requested state. If not provided, returns an array of ALL state configs.
   * @param {string|object=} context When stateOrName is a relative state reference, the state will be retrieved relative to context.
   * @returns {Object|Array} State configuration object or array of all objects.
   */
  $state.get = function (stateOrName, context) {
    if (arguments.length === 0) return map(objectKeys(states), function(name) { return states[name].self; });
    var state = findState(stateOrName, context || $state.$current);
    return (state && state.self) ? state.self : null;
  };

  function resolveState(state, params, paramsAreFiltered, inherited, dst, options) {
    // Make a restricted $stateParams with only the parameters that apply to this state if
    // necessary. In addition to being available to the controller and onEnter/onExit callbacks,
    // we also need $stateParams to be available for any $injector calls we make during the
    // dependency resolution process.
    var $stateParams = (paramsAreFiltered) ? params : filterByKeys(state.params.$$keys(), params);
    var locals = { $stateParams: $stateParams };

    // Resolve 'global' dependencies for the state, i.e. those not specific to a view.
    // We're also including $stateParams in this; that way the parameters are restricted
    // to the set that should be visible to the state, and are independent of when we update
    // the global $state and $stateParams values.
    dst.resolve = $resolve.resolve(state.resolve, locals, dst.resolve, state);
    var promises = [dst.resolve.then(function (globals) {
      dst.globals = globals;
    })];
    if (inherited) promises.push(inherited);

    // Resolve template and dependencies for all views.
    forEach(state.views, function (view, name) {
      var injectables = (view.resolve && view.resolve !== state.resolve ? view.resolve : {});
      injectables.$template = [ function () {
        return $view.load(name, { view: view, locals: locals, params: $stateParams, notify: options.notify }) || '';
      }];

      promises.push($resolve.resolve(injectables, locals, dst.resolve, state).then(function (result) {
        // References to the controller (only instantiated at link time)
        if (isFunction(view.controllerProvider) || isArray(view.controllerProvider)) {
          var injectLocals = angular.extend({}, injectables, locals);
          result.$$controller = $injector.invoke(view.controllerProvider, null, injectLocals);
        } else {
          result.$$controller = view.controller;
        }
        // Provide access to the state itself for internal use
        result.$$state = state;
        result.$$controllerAs = view.controllerAs;
        dst[name] = result;
      }));
    });

    // Wait for all the promises and then return the activation object
    return $q.all(promises).then(function (values) {
      return dst;
    });
  }

  return $state;
}

function shouldTriggerReload(to, from, locals, options) {
  if (to === from && ((locals === from.locals && !options.reload) || (to.self.reloadOnSearch === false))) {
    return true;
  }
}

}

angular.module(‘ui.router.state’)

.value('$stateParams', {})
.provider('$state', $StateProvider);

$ViewProvider.$inject = []; function $ViewProvider() {

this.$get = $get;
/**
 * @ngdoc object
 * @name ui.router.state.$view
 *
 * @requires ui.router.util.$templateFactory
 * @requires $rootScope
 *
 * @description
 *
 */
$get.$inject = ['$rootScope', '$templateFactory'];
function $get(   $rootScope,   $templateFactory) {
  return {
    // $view.load('full.viewName', { template: ..., controller: ..., resolve: ..., async: false, params: ... })
    /**
     * @ngdoc function
     * @name ui.router.state.$view#load
     * @methodOf ui.router.state.$view
     *
     * @description
     *
     * @param {string} name name
     * @param {object} options option object.
     */
    load: function load(name, options) {
      var result, defaults = {
        template: null, controller: null, view: null, locals: null, notify: true, async: true, params: {}
      };
      options = extend(defaults, options);

      if (options.view) {
        result = $templateFactory.fromConfig(options.view, options.params, options.locals);
      }
      if (result && options.notify) {
      /**
       * @ngdoc event
       * @name ui.router.state.$state#$viewContentLoading
       * @eventOf ui.router.state.$view
       * @eventType broadcast on root scope
       * @description
       *
       * Fired once the view **begins loading**, *before* the DOM is rendered.
       *
       * @param {Object} event Event object.
       * @param {Object} viewConfig The view config properties (template, controller, etc).
       *
       * @example
       *
       * <pre>
       * $scope.$on('$viewContentLoading',
       * function(event, viewConfig){
       *     // Access to all the view config properties.
       *     // and one special property 'targetView'
       *     // viewConfig.targetView
       * });
       * </pre>
       */
        $rootScope.$broadcast('$viewContentLoading', options);
      }
      return result;
    }
  };
}

}

angular.module(‘ui.router.state’).provider(‘$view’, $ViewProvider);

/**

* @ngdoc object
* @name ui.router.state.$uiViewScrollProvider
*
* @description
* Provider that returns the {@link ui.router.state.$uiViewScroll} service function.
*/

function $ViewScrollProvider() {

var useAnchorScroll = false;

/**
 * @ngdoc function
 * @name ui.router.state.$uiViewScrollProvider#useAnchorScroll
 * @methodOf ui.router.state.$uiViewScrollProvider
 *
 * @description
 * Reverts back to using the core [`$anchorScroll`](http://docs.angularjs.org/api/ng.$anchorScroll) service for
 * scrolling based on the url anchor.
 */
this.useAnchorScroll = function () {
  useAnchorScroll = true;
};

/**
 * @ngdoc object
 * @name ui.router.state.$uiViewScroll
 *
 * @requires $anchorScroll
 * @requires $timeout
 *
 * @description
 * When called with a jqLite element, it scrolls the element into view (after a
 * `$timeout` so the DOM has time to refresh).
 *
 * If you prefer to rely on `$anchorScroll` to scroll the view to the anchor,
 * this can be enabled by calling {@link ui.router.state.$uiViewScrollProvider#methods_useAnchorScroll `$uiViewScrollProvider.useAnchorScroll()`}.
 */
this.$get = ['$anchorScroll', '$timeout', function ($anchorScroll, $timeout) {
  if (useAnchorScroll) {
    return $anchorScroll;
  }

  return function ($element) {
    $timeout(function () {
      $element[0].scrollIntoView();
    }, 0, false);
  };
}];

}

angular.module(‘ui.router.state’).provider(‘$uiViewScroll’, $ViewScrollProvider);

/**

* @ngdoc directive
* @name ui.router.state.directive:ui-view
*
* @requires ui.router.state.$state
* @requires $compile
* @requires $controller
* @requires $injector
* @requires ui.router.state.$uiViewScroll
* @requires $document
*
* @restrict ECA
*
* @description
* The ui-view directive tells $state where to place your templates.
*
* @param {string=} name A view name. The name should be unique amongst the other views in the
* same state. You can have views of the same name that live in different states.
*
* @param {string=} autoscroll It allows you to set the scroll behavior of the browser window
* when a view is populated. By default, $anchorScroll is overridden by ui-router's custom scroll
* service, {@link ui.router.state.$uiViewScroll}. This custom service let's you
* scroll ui-view elements into view when they are populated during a state activation.
*
* *Note: To revert back to old [`$anchorScroll`](http://docs.angularjs.org/api/ng.$anchorScroll)
* functionality, call `$uiViewScrollProvider.useAnchorScroll()`.*
*
* @param {string=} onload Expression to evaluate whenever the view updates.
* 
* @example
* A view can be unnamed or named. 
* <pre>
* <!-- Unnamed -->
* <div ui-view></div> 
* 
* <!-- Named -->
* <div ui-view="viewName"></div>
* </pre>
*
* You can only have one unnamed view within any template (or root html). If you are only using a 
* single view and it is unnamed then you can populate it like so:
* <pre>
* <div ui-view></div> 
* $stateProvider.state("home", {
*   template: "<h1>HELLO!</h1>"
* })
* </pre>
* 
* The above is a convenient shortcut equivalent to specifying your view explicitly with the {@link ui.router.state.$stateProvider#views `views`}
* config property, by name, in this case an empty name:
* <pre>
* $stateProvider.state("home", {
*   views: {
*     "": {
*       template: "<h1>HELLO!</h1>"
*     }
*   }    
* })
* </pre>
* 
* But typically you'll only use the views property if you name your view or have more than one view 
* in the same template. There's not really a compelling reason to name a view if its the only one, 
* but you could if you wanted, like so:
* <pre>
* <div ui-view="main"></div>
* </pre> 
* <pre>
* $stateProvider.state("home", {
*   views: {
*     "main": {
*       template: "<h1>HELLO!</h1>"
*     }
*   }    
* })
* </pre>
* 
* Really though, you'll use views to set up multiple views:
* <pre>
* <div ui-view></div>
* <div ui-view="chart"></div> 
* <div ui-view="data"></div> 
* </pre>
* 
* <pre>
* $stateProvider.state("home", {
*   views: {
*     "": {
*       template: "<h1>HELLO!</h1>"
*     },
*     "chart": {
*       template: "<chart_thing/>"
*     },
*     "data": {
*       template: "<data_thing/>"
*     }
*   }    
* })
* </pre>
*
* Examples for `autoscroll`:
*
* <pre>
* <!-- If autoscroll present with no expression,
*      then scroll ui-view into view -->
* <ui-view autoscroll/>
*
* <!-- If autoscroll present with valid expression,
*      then scroll ui-view into view if expression evaluates to true -->
* <ui-view autoscroll='true'/>
* <ui-view autoscroll='false'/>
* <ui-view autoscroll='scopeVariable'/>
* </pre>
*/

$ViewDirective.$inject = [‘$state’, ‘$injector’, ‘$uiViewScroll’, ‘$interpolate’]; function $ViewDirective( $state, $injector, $uiViewScroll, $interpolate) {

function getService() {
  return ($injector.has) ? function(service) {
    return $injector.has(service) ? $injector.get(service) : null;
  } : function(service) {
    try {
      return $injector.get(service);
    } catch (e) {
      return null;
    }
  };
}

var service = getService(),
    $animator = service('$animator'),
    $animate = service('$animate');

// Returns a set of DOM manipulation functions based on which Angular version
// it should use
function getRenderer(attrs, scope) {
  var statics = function() {
    return {
      enter: function (element, target, cb) { target.after(element); cb(); },
      leave: function (element, cb) { element.remove(); cb(); }
    };
  };

  if ($animate) {
    return {
      enter: function(element, target, cb) {
        var promise = $animate.enter(element, null, target, cb);
        if (promise && promise.then) promise.then(cb);
      },
      leave: function(element, cb) {
        var promise = $animate.leave(element, cb);
        if (promise && promise.then) promise.then(cb);
      }
    };
  }

  if ($animator) {
    var animate = $animator && $animator(scope, attrs);

    return {
      enter: function(element, target, cb) {animate.enter(element, null, target); cb(); },
      leave: function(element, cb) { animate.leave(element); cb(); }
    };
  }

  return statics();
}

var directive = {
  restrict: 'ECA',
  terminal: true,
  priority: 400,
  transclude: 'element',
  compile: function (tElement, tAttrs, $transclude) {
    return function (scope, $element, attrs) {
      var previousEl, currentEl, currentScope, latestLocals,
          onloadExp     = attrs.onload || '',
          autoScrollExp = attrs.autoscroll,
          renderer      = getRenderer(attrs, scope);

      scope.$on('$stateChangeSuccess', function() {
        updateView(false);
      });
      scope.$on('$viewContentLoading', function() {
        updateView(false);
      });

      updateView(true);

      function cleanupLastView() {
        if (previousEl) {
          previousEl.remove();
          previousEl = null;
        }

        if (currentScope) {
          currentScope.$destroy();
          currentScope = null;
        }

        if (currentEl) {
          renderer.leave(currentEl, function() {
            previousEl = null;
          });

          previousEl = currentEl;
          currentEl = null;
        }
      }

      function updateView(firstTime) {
        var newScope,
            name            = getUiViewName(scope, attrs, $element, $interpolate),
            previousLocals  = name && $state.$current && $state.$current.locals[name];

        if (!firstTime && previousLocals === latestLocals) return; // nothing to do
        newScope = scope.$new();
        latestLocals = $state.$current.locals[name];

        var clone = $transclude(newScope, function(clone) {
          renderer.enter(clone, $element, function onUiViewEnter() {
            if(currentScope) {
              currentScope.$emit('$viewContentAnimationEnded');
            }

            if (angular.isDefined(autoScrollExp) && !autoScrollExp || scope.$eval(autoScrollExp)) {
              $uiViewScroll(clone);
            }
          });
          cleanupLastView();
        });

        currentEl = clone;
        currentScope = newScope;
        /**
         * @ngdoc event
         * @name ui.router.state.directive:ui-view#$viewContentLoaded
         * @eventOf ui.router.state.directive:ui-view
         * @eventType emits on ui-view directive scope
         * @description           *
         * Fired once the view is **loaded**, *after* the DOM is rendered.
         *
         * @param {Object} event Event object.
         */
        currentScope.$emit('$viewContentLoaded');
        currentScope.$eval(onloadExp);
      }
    };
  }
};

return directive;

}

$ViewDirectiveFill.$inject = [‘$compile’, ‘$controller’, ‘$state’, ‘$interpolate’]; function $ViewDirectiveFill ( $compile, $controller, $state, $interpolate) {

return {
  restrict: 'ECA',
  priority: -400,
  compile: function (tElement) {
    var initial = tElement.html();
    return function (scope, $element, attrs) {
      var current = $state.$current,
          name = getUiViewName(scope, attrs, $element, $interpolate),
          locals  = current && current.locals[name];

      if (! locals) {
        return;
      }

      $element.data('$uiView', { name: name, state: locals.$$state });
      $element.html(locals.$template ? locals.$template : initial);

      var link = $compile($element.contents());

      if (locals.$$controller) {
        locals.$scope = scope;
        var controller = $controller(locals.$$controller, locals);
        if (locals.$$controllerAs) {
          scope[locals.$$controllerAs] = controller;
        }
        $element.data('$ngControllerController', controller);
        $element.children().data('$ngControllerController', controller);
      }

      link(scope);
    };
  }
};

}

/**

* Shared ui-view code for both directives:
* Given scope, element, and its attributes, return the view's name
*/

function getUiViewName(scope, attrs, element, $interpolate) {

var name = $interpolate(attrs.uiView || attrs.name || '')(scope);
var inherited = element.inheritedData('$uiView');
return name.indexOf('@') >= 0 ?  name :  (name + '@' + (inherited ? inherited.state.name : ''));

}

angular.module(‘ui.router.state’).directive(‘uiView’, $ViewDirective); angular.module(‘ui.router.state’).directive(‘uiView’, $ViewDirectiveFill);

function parseStateRef(ref, current) {

var preparsed = ref.match(/^\s*({[^}]*})\s*$/), parsed;
if (preparsed) ref = current + '(' + preparsed[1] + ')';
parsed = ref.replace(/\n/g, " ").match(/^([^(]+?)\s*(\((.*)\))?$/);
if (!parsed || parsed.length !== 4) throw new Error("Invalid state ref '" + ref + "'");
return { state: parsed[1], paramExpr: parsed[3] || null };

}

function stateContext(el) {

var stateData = el.parent().inheritedData('$uiView');

if (stateData && stateData.state && stateData.state.name) {
  return stateData.state;
}

}

/**

* @ngdoc directive
* @name ui.router.state.directive:ui-sref
*
* @requires ui.router.state.$state
* @requires $timeout
*
* @restrict A
*
* @description
* A directive that binds a link (`<a>` tag) to a state. If the state has an associated 
* URL, the directive will automatically generate & update the `href` attribute via 
* the {@link ui.router.state.$state#methods_href $state.href()} method. Clicking 
* the link will trigger a state transition with optional parameters. 
*
* Also middle-clicking, right-clicking, and ctrl-clicking on the link will be 
* handled natively by the browser.
*
* You can also use relative state paths within ui-sref, just like the relative 
* paths passed to `$state.go()`. You just need to be aware that the path is relative
* to the state that the link lives in, in other words the state that loaded the 
* template containing the link.
*
* You can specify options to pass to {@link ui.router.state.$state#go $state.go()}
* using the `ui-sref-opts` attribute. Options are restricted to `location`, `inherit`,
* and `reload`.
*
* @example
* Here's an example of how you'd use ui-sref and how it would compile. If you have the 
* following template:
* <pre>
* <a ui-sref="home">Home</a> | <a ui-sref="about">About</a> | <a ui-sref="{page: 2}">Next page</a>
* 
* <ul>
*     <li ng-repeat="contact in contacts">
*         <a ui-sref="contacts.detail({ id: contact.id })">{{ contact.name }}</a>
*     </li>
* </ul>
* </pre>
* 
* Then the compiled html would be (assuming Html5Mode is off and current state is contacts):
* <pre>
* <a href="#/home" ui-sref="home">Home</a> | <a href="#/about" ui-sref="about">About</a> | <a href="#/contacts?page=2" ui-sref="{page: 2}">Next page</a>
* 
* <ul>
*     <li ng-repeat="contact in contacts">
*         <a href="#/contacts/1" ui-sref="contacts.detail({ id: contact.id })">Joe</a>
*     </li>
*     <li ng-repeat="contact in contacts">
*         <a href="#/contacts/2" ui-sref="contacts.detail({ id: contact.id })">Alice</a>
*     </li>
*     <li ng-repeat="contact in contacts">
*         <a href="#/contacts/3" ui-sref="contacts.detail({ id: contact.id })">Bob</a>
*     </li>
* </ul>
*
* <a ui-sref="home" ui-sref-opts="{reload: true}">Home</a>
* </pre>
*
* @param {string} ui-sref 'stateName' can be any valid absolute or relative state
* @param {Object} ui-sref-opts options to pass to {@link ui.router.state.$state#go $state.go()}
*/

$StateRefDirective.$inject = [‘$state’, ‘$timeout’]; function $StateRefDirective($state, $timeout) {

var allowedOptions = ['location', 'inherit', 'reload'];

return {
  restrict: 'A',
  require: ['?^uiSrefActive', '?^uiSrefActiveEq'],
  link: function(scope, element, attrs, uiSrefActive) {
    var ref = parseStateRef(attrs.uiSref, $state.current.name);
    var params = null, url = null, base = stateContext(element) || $state.$current;
    var newHref = null, isAnchor = element.prop("tagName") === "A";
    var isForm = element[0].nodeName === "FORM";
    var attr = isForm ? "action" : "href", nav = true;

    var options = { relative: base, inherit: true };
    var optionsOverride = scope.$eval(attrs.uiSrefOpts) || {};

    angular.forEach(allowedOptions, function(option) {
      if (option in optionsOverride) {
        options[option] = optionsOverride[option];
      }
    });

    var update = function(newVal) {
      if (newVal) params = angular.copy(newVal);
      if (!nav) return;

      newHref = $state.href(ref.state, params, options);

      var activeDirective = uiSrefActive[1] || uiSrefActive[0];
      if (activeDirective) {
        activeDirective.$$setStateInfo(ref.state, params);
      }
      if (newHref === null) {
        nav = false;
        return false;
      }
      attrs.$set(attr, newHref);
    };

    if (ref.paramExpr) {
      scope.$watch(ref.paramExpr, function(newVal, oldVal) {
        if (newVal !== params) update(newVal);
      }, true);
      params = angular.copy(scope.$eval(ref.paramExpr));
    }
    update();

    if (isForm) return;

    element.bind("click", function(e) {
      var button = e.which || e.button;
      if ( !(button > 1 || e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey || e.shiftKey || element.attr('target')) ) {
        // HACK: This is to allow ng-clicks to be processed before the transition is initiated:
        var transition = $timeout(function() {
          $state.go(ref.state, params, options);
        });
        e.preventDefault();

        // if the state has no URL, ignore one preventDefault from the <a> directive.
        var ignorePreventDefaultCount = isAnchor && !newHref ? 1: 0;
        e.preventDefault = function() {
          if (ignorePreventDefaultCount-- <= 0)
            $timeout.cancel(transition);
        };
      }
    });
  }
};

}

/**

* @ngdoc directive
* @name ui.router.state.directive:ui-sref-active
*
* @requires ui.router.state.$state
* @requires ui.router.state.$stateParams
* @requires $interpolate
*
* @restrict A
*
* @description
* A directive working alongside ui-sref to add classes to an element when the
* related ui-sref directive's state is active, and removing them when it is inactive.
* The primary use-case is to simplify the special appearance of navigation menus
* relying on `ui-sref`, by having the "active" state's menu button appear different,
* distinguishing it from the inactive menu items.
*
* ui-sref-active can live on the same element as ui-sref or on a parent element. The first
* ui-sref-active found at the same level or above the ui-sref will be used.
*
* Will activate when the ui-sref's target state or any child state is active. If you
* need to activate only when the ui-sref target state is active and *not* any of
* it's children, then you will use
* {@link ui.router.state.directive:ui-sref-active-eq ui-sref-active-eq}
*
* @example
* Given the following template:
* <pre>
* <ul>
*   <li ui-sref-active="active" class="item">
*     <a href ui-sref="app.user({user: 'bilbobaggins'})">@bilbobaggins</a>
*   </li>
* </ul>
* </pre>
*
*
* When the app state is "app.user" (or any children states), and contains the state parameter "user" with value "bilbobaggins",
* the resulting HTML will appear as (note the 'active' class):
* <pre>
* <ul>
*   <li ui-sref-active="active" class="item active">
*     <a ui-sref="app.user({user: 'bilbobaggins'})" href="/users/bilbobaggins">@bilbobaggins</a>
*   </li>
* </ul>
* </pre>
*
* The class name is interpolated **once** during the directives link time (any further changes to the
* interpolated value are ignored).
*
* Multiple classes may be specified in a space-separated format:
* <pre>
* <ul>
*   <li ui-sref-active='class1 class2 class3'>
*     <a ui-sref="app.user">link</a>
*   </li>
* </ul>
* </pre>
*/

/**

* @ngdoc directive
* @name ui.router.state.directive:ui-sref-active-eq
*
* @requires ui.router.state.$state
* @requires ui.router.state.$stateParams
* @requires $interpolate
*
* @restrict A
*
* @description
* The same as {@link ui.router.state.directive:ui-sref-active ui-sref-active} but will only activate
* when the exact target state used in the `ui-sref` is active; no child states.
*
*/

$StateRefActiveDirective.$inject = [‘$state’, ‘$stateParams’, ‘$interpolate’]; function $StateRefActiveDirective($state, $stateParams, $interpolate) {

return  {
  restrict: "A",
  controller: ['$scope', '$element', '$attrs', function ($scope, $element, $attrs) {
    var state, params, activeClass;

    // There probably isn't much point in $observing this
    // uiSrefActive and uiSrefActiveEq share the same directive object with some
    // slight difference in logic routing
    activeClass = $interpolate($attrs.uiSrefActiveEq || $attrs.uiSrefActive || '', false)($scope);

    // Allow uiSref to communicate with uiSrefActive[Equals]
    this.$$setStateInfo = function (newState, newParams) {
      state = $state.get(newState, stateContext($element));
      params = newParams;
      update();
    };

    $scope.$on('$stateChangeSuccess', update);

    // Update route state
    function update() {
      if (isMatch()) {
        $element.addClass(activeClass);
      } else {
        $element.removeClass(activeClass);
      }
    }

    function isMatch() {
      if (typeof $attrs.uiSrefActiveEq !== 'undefined') {
        return state && $state.is(state.name, params);
      } else {
        return state && $state.includes(state.name, params);
      }
    }
  }]
};

}

angular.module(‘ui.router.state’)

.directive('uiSref', $StateRefDirective)
.directive('uiSrefActive', $StateRefActiveDirective)
.directive('uiSrefActiveEq', $StateRefActiveDirective);

/**

* @ngdoc filter
* @name ui.router.state.filter:isState
*
* @requires ui.router.state.$state
*
* @description
* Translates to {@link ui.router.state.$state#methods_is $state.is("stateName")}.
*/

$IsStateFilter.$inject = [‘$state’]; function $IsStateFilter($state) {

var isFilter = function (state) {
  return $state.is(state);
};
isFilter.$stateful = true;
return isFilter;

}

/**

* @ngdoc filter
* @name ui.router.state.filter:includedByState
*
* @requires ui.router.state.$state
*
* @description
* Translates to {@link ui.router.state.$state#methods_includes $state.includes('fullOrPartialStateName')}.
*/

$IncludedByStateFilter.$inject = [‘$state’]; function $IncludedByStateFilter($state) {

var includesFilter = function (state) {
  return $state.includes(state);
};
includesFilter.$stateful = true;
return  includesFilter;

}

angular.module(‘ui.router.state’)

.filter('isState', $IsStateFilter)
.filter('includedByState', $IncludedByStateFilter);

})(window, window.angular);